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Shloka 52

Śalya–Bhīma Gadā-saṃnipāta and Śalya’s Bāṇa-jāla against Yudhiṣṭhira

Book 9, Chapter 11

चन्दनागुरुपड्काक्तां प्रमदामीप्सितामिव । वसामेदोपदिग्धाज़ीं जिह्दां वैवस्चतीमिव,उसके ऊपर सोनेका पत्र जड़ा गया था। वह लोहेकी बनी हुई वज्रतुल्य गदा प्रज्वलित उल्का तथा छींकेपर बैठी हुई सर्पिणीके समान अत्यन्त भयंकर प्रतीत होती थी। अंगोंमें चन्दन और अगुरुका लेप लगाये हुए मनचाही प्रियतमा रमणीके समान उसके सर्वांगमें वसा और मेद लिपटे हुए थे। वह देखनेमें यमराजकी जिह्वाके समान भयंकर थी

candana-aguru-paṅkāktāṃ pramadām īpsitām iva | vasā-medo-padigdhāṃ jīhvāṃ vaivasvatīm iva ||

Sañjaya berkata: Ia tampak seperti wanita kekasih yang didamba, disapu cendana dan gaharu; namun hakikatnya ia disaluti lemak dan sumsum, mengerikan dipandang seperti lidah Vaivasvata (Yama).

चन्दनsandalwood
चन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootचन्दन
FormNeuter, Stem (in compound), —
अगुरुaloeswood (aguru)
अगुरु:
TypeNoun
Rootअगुरु
FormNeuter, Stem (in compound), —
पङ्कmud, mire
पङ्क:
TypeNoun
Rootपङ्क
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), —
आक्ताम्smeared/anointed
आक्ताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआञ्ज् (आक्त)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रमदाम्a beloved woman
प्रमदाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमदा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
ईप्सिताम्desired, wished-for
ईप्सिताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootईप्सित
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
Formtrue
वसाfat, grease
वसा:
TypeNoun
Rootवसा
FormFeminine, Stem (in compound), —
मेदस्marrow/fat
मेदस्:
TypeNoun
Rootमेदस्
FormNeuter, Stem (in compound), —
पदिग्धाम्smeared over, besmeared
पदिग्धाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदिह् (प्र-दिग्ध)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
जिह्वाम्tongue
जिह्वाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजिह्वा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वैवस्वतीम्of Vivasvat; of Yama (Yama's)
वैवस्वतीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवैवस्वती
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
Formtrue

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
V
Vaivasvata (Yama)
T
tongue (jīhvā)
S
sandalwood (candana)
A
aloeswood (aguru)
F
fat and marrow (vasā, medas)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical revulsion of war through stark contrast: the language of adornment (sandal, aloe, beloved woman) is inverted to reveal the reality of bloodshed (fat and marrow), reminding the listener that violence corrupts even what appears splendid.

Sañjaya is describing a terrifying sight on the battlefield—something (contextually a fearsome weapon or object) coated with bodily substances—using powerful similes: outwardly like a perfumed beloved, but truly dreadful like Yama’s tongue, emphasizing the scene’s deathly menace.