Shloka 20
Yudhiṣṭhira’s Lament and Kṛṣṇa’s Rudra-Cosmogony Explanation (सौप्तिक पर्व, अध्याय १७)
Devanagari script
भूतग्रामे विवृद्धे तु तुष्टे लोकगुरावपि । उदतिष्ठज्जलाज्ज्येष्ठ: प्रजाश्लेमा ददर्श सः
Translation
Apabila himpunan makhluk telah berkembang dengan baik dan Guru alam, Brahmā, juga berpuas hati, maka Yang Tertua, Śiva, bangkit keluar dari air. Setelah muncul, baginda melihat seluruh makhluk itu.
Word by Word
भूतग्रामेin the multitude of beings
भूतग्रामे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूतग्राम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
विवृद्धेhaving greatly increased
विवृद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-वृद्ध
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तुष्टेwhen (he) was pleased
तुष्टे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootतुष्ट
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
लोकगुरौin/when the teacher of the worlds (Brahmā)
लोकगुरौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोकगुरु
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
उदतिष्ठत्arose, stood up, emerged
उदतिष्ठत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-स्था
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular
जलात्from the water
जलात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootजल
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
ज्येष्ठःthe eldest/senior one
ज्येष्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रजाःcreatures, subjects
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
श्लेमाŚleman/Śleṣmā (a proper name; lit. phlegm)
श्लेमा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्लेष्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ददर्शsaw
ददर्श:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes