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Shloka 30

अध्याय १ — न्यग्रोधवनोपवेशनम् तथा द्रौणिनिश्चयः

Night at the Banyan and Drauṇi’s Resolve

निद्रया च परीताड्ा निषेदुर्धरणीतले । श्रमेण सुदृढं युक्ता विक्षता विविधै: शरै:,वटवृक्षके समीप बैठकर कौरवों तथा पाण्डव-योद्धाओंके उसी विनाशकी बीती हुई बातके लिये शोक करते हुए वे तीनों वीर निद्रासे सारे अंग शिथिल हो जानेके कारण पृथ्वीपर लेट गये। उस समय वे भारी थकावटसे चूर-चूर हो रहे थे और नाना प्रकारके बाणोंसे उनके सारे अंग क्षत-विक्षत हो गये थे

nidrāyā ca parītāḍā niṣedur dharaṇītale | śrameṇa sudṛḍhaṃ yuktā vikṣatā vividhaiḥ śaraiḥ ||

Sañjaya berkata: Dikuasai oleh lena, mereka duduk lalu rebah di atas tanah. Luluh oleh keletihan yang amat berat, tubuh mereka koyak-rabak oleh pelbagai jenis anak panah; para pahlawan itu—meratapi malapetaka yang menimpa kaum Kaurava dan Pāṇḍava—tumbang di bumi.

निद्रयाby sleep
निद्रया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनिद्रा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
परीताडाःoverpowered/afflicted
परीताडाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरीताडित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
निषेदुःthey sat down/lay down
निषेदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootसद्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural
धरणीतलेon the surface of the earth
धरणीतले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधरणीतल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
श्रमेणby fatigue
श्रमेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्रम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सुदृढम्firmly/strongly
सुदृढम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदृढ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
युक्ताःendowed/affected (with)
युक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विक्षताःwounded, torn
विक्षताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविक्षत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विविधैःby various
विविधैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
शरैःby arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
T
the three warriors (the surviving Kaurava fighters: Aśvatthāmā, Kṛpa, Kṛtavarmā)
E
Earth/ground (dharaṇī-tala)
A
arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical and psychological aftermath of war: victory or survival does not erase suffering. Even mighty warriors are brought low by exhaustion and wounds, and grief for widespread destruction weighs on them—suggesting that violence inevitably returns as sorrow and depletion.

After the catastrophic battle, the remaining Kaurava warriors (traditionally Aśvatthāmā, Kṛpa, and Kṛtavarmā) are overwhelmed by fatigue and sleep. Badly wounded by arrows and grieving over the ruin of both sides, they sit down and then collapse on the ground.