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Shloka 21

अध्याय १ — न्यग्रोधवनोपवेशनम् तथा द्रौणिनिश्चयः

Night at the Banyan and Drauṇi’s Resolve

प्रविश्य तद्‌ वन॑ घोरं वीक्षमाणा: समन्ततः । शाखासहस्रसंछन्न॑ न्यग्रोध॑ ददृशुस्तत:,उस भयंकर वनमें प्रवेश करके सब ओर दृष्टि डालनेपर उन्हें सहस्नों शाखाओंसे आच्छादित एक बरगदका वृक्ष दिखायी दिया

praviśya tad vanaṃ ghoraṃ vīkṣamāṇāḥ samantataḥ | śākhāsahasrasaṃchannaṃ nyagrodhaṃ dadṛśus tataḥ ||

Sañjaya berkata: Setelah memasuki rimba yang menggerunkan itu dan memandang ke segenap penjuru, mereka pun melihat sebatang nyagrodha (pokok beringin), hamparannya yang luas seakan tersembunyi di bawah ribuan dahan—suatu tanda yang muram di tengah gelapnya niat yang lahir daripada perang.

प्रविश्यhaving entered
प्रविश्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-विश्
Formल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय), कर्तरि, पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (absolutive)
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वनम्forest
वनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
घोरम्terrible, dreadful
घोरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वीक्षमाणाःlooking, observing
वीक्षमाणाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवीक्ष्
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), कर्तरि, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
समन्ततःon all sides, all around
समन्ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्ततः
शाखा-सहस्र-संछन्नम्covered with a thousand branches
शाखा-सहस्र-संछन्नम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसं-छद् (छन्न) / शाखा / सहस्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (छन्न = covered)
न्यग्रोधम्a banyan tree
न्यग्रोधम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootन्यग्रोध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ददृशुःthey saw
ददृशुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formलिट् (परोक्श/परफेक्ट), Third, Plural, परस्मैपद
ततःthen, thereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
G
ghora vana (dreadful forest)
N
nyagrodha (banyan tree)

Educational Q&A

The verse primarily sets an ominous atmosphere: the fearful forest and the massive banyan function as narrative symbols of concealment and impending harm, underscoring how war can lead minds into darkness and morally perilous choices.

After entering a terrifying forest and surveying it in all directions, the group sees a banyan tree covered by innumerable branches—marking a significant spot as the night’s grim events are about to unfold.