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Shloka 3

अध्याय ६६: पुनर्द्यूत-प्रस्तावः

Proposal for a Renewed Dice Game

विदुर बोले--ओ मूर्ख! तेरे-जैसे नीचके मुखसे ही ऐसा दुर्वचन निकल सकता है। अरे! तू कालपाशसे बँँधा हुआ है, इसीलिये कुछ समझ नहीं पाता। तू ऐसे ऊँचे स्थानमें लटक रहा है जहाँसे गिरकर प्राण जानेमें अधिक विलम्ब नहीं; किंतु तुझे इस बातका पता नहीं है। तू एक साधारण मृग होकर व्याप्रोंको अत्यन्त क़ुद्ध कर रहा है ।।

vidura uvāca—aho mūḍha, tvādṛśasya nīcasya mukhād evaṃ durvacanaṃ niṣkrāmati. kālapāśabaddho ’si, tasmāt kiṃcid api na budhyase. tvam uccasthāne lambamānaḥ, yasmāt patitvā prāṇanāśe na ciram; etad api na jānāsi. tvam alpo mṛga iva vyāghrān atīva krodhayasi. āśīviṣās te śirasi pūrṇakopā mahāviṣāḥ; mā kopiṣṭhāḥ, sumandātman, mā gamas tvaṃ yamakṣayam.

Vidura berkata: “Wahai si bodoh—hanya orang hina sepertimu mampu melontarkan kata-kata sekeji itu. Engkau terikat oleh jerat Kala (Waktu); sebab itu engkau tidak memahami apa-apa. Engkau tergantung di tempat yang tinggi, yang jika jatuh akan meragut nyawa tanpa berlengah—namun engkau tidak menyedarinya. Seperti rusa kecil, engkau sedang membangkitkan kemarahan harimau-harimau. Ular-ular berbisa yang amat dahsyat, dengan amarah yang penuh, telah memanjat ke atas kepalamu; jangan tambah lagi kemarahan mereka, wahai yang tumpul jiwa—jangan tergesa menuju kediaman Yama (maut).”

आशीविषाःvenomous serpents
आशीविषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआशीविष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेof you/your
ते:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
शिरसिon (your) head
शिरसि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
पूर्णकोपाःfilled with anger
पूर्णकोपाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्णकोप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महाविषाःhighly venomous
महाविषाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाविष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
Formprohibitive particle
कोपिष्ठाः(you) become angry / provoke (anger)
कोपिष्ठाः:
TypeVerb
Rootकुप्
FormImperative (prohibitive with मा), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सुमन्दात्मन्O very dull-minded one
सुमन्दात्मन्:
TypeNoun
Rootसुमन्दात्मन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
Formprohibitive particle
गमः(you) go
गमः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormImperative (prohibitive with मा), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
यमक्षयम्the abode/realm of Yama
यमक्षयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयमक्षय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मन्दात्मन्O dull-minded one
मन्दात्मन्:
TypeNoun
Rootमन्दात्मन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
K
Kāla (Time)
Y
Yama
K
kālapāśa (noose of Time)
V
vyāghra (tigers)
M
mṛga (deer)
Ā
āśīviṣa (venomous serpents)

Educational Q&A

Vidura warns that abusive speech and arrogance invite swift ruin: Time already binds the offender, and provoking stronger forces (symbolized by tigers and venomous serpents) hastens one’s fall into death. Ethical restraint in speech and awareness of consequences are central.

In the royal assembly context, Vidura rebukes a speaker who has uttered insulting words. Using vivid metaphors—hanging from a height, a deer provoking tigers, serpents on the head—he cautions that the person is courting immediate destruction and should stop escalating hostility.