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Shloka 1

Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Counsel on Restraint and the Pāṇḍavas’ Authorized Return (धृतराष्ट्र-उपदेशः)

Devanagari script

ऑपन- माल बछ। अकाल पजञज्चषष्टितमो< ध्याय: युधिष्ठटिरका धन, राज्य, भाइयों तथा द्रौपदीसहित अपनेको भी हारना शकुनिरुवाच बहु वित्त पराजैषी: पाण्डवानां युधिष्ठिर । आचक्ष्व वित्त कौन्तेय यदि ते5स्त्यपराजितम्‌,शकुनि बोला--कुन्तीनन्दन युधिष्ठिर![ आप अबतक पाण्डवोंका बहुत-सा धन हार चुके। यदि आपके पास बिना हारा हुआ कोई धन शेष हो तो बताइये

Transliteration

śakuniḥ uvāca—bahu vittaṁ parājaiṣīḥ pāṇḍavānāṁ yudhiṣṭhira | ācakṣva vittaṁ kaunteya yadi te ’sty aparājitam ||

Translation

Śakuni berkata: “Yudhiṣṭhira, engkau telah pun kalah banyak harta milik para Pāṇḍava. Wahai putera Kuntī, jika masih ada apa-apa milik yang belum dipertaruhkan dan belum hilang, nyatakanlah.”

Word by Word

बहुmuch (a lot of)

वित्तम्wealth, money

पराजैषीःyou have lost (were defeated)

पाण्डवानाम्of the Pāṇḍavas

युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira

आचक्ष्वtell, declare

वित्तम्wealth (stake)

कौन्तेयO son of Kuntī

यदिif

तेof you, your

अस्तिthere is

अपराजितम्unlost, not yet defeated (unwagered/unsurrendered)

Speaker

विदुर उवाच

Characters & Entities

Śakuni

Yudhiṣṭhira

Pāṇḍavas

Kuntī

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how unethical pressure and taunting can push a person already weakened by vice (gambling) into further self-harm, showing the erosion of dharma when desire, pride, and manipulation override restraint.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the dice-hall episode, Śakuni provokes Yudhiṣṭhira by pointing out how much wealth has already been lost and demands that he name any remaining unlost stake—setting up the continuation of ruinous wagers.