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Shloka 56

Nāradasya Rājadharma-praśnāḥ

Nārada’s Examination of Royal Ethics

कच्चिद्‌ भयादुपगतं क्षीणं वा रिपुमागतम्‌ । युद्धे वा विजितं पार्थ पुत्रवत्‌ परिरक्षसि,कुन्तीनन्दन! जो भयसे अथवा अपनी धन-सम्पत्तिका नाश होनेसे तुम्हारी शरणमें आया हो या युद्धमें तुमसे परास्त हो गया हो, ऐसे शत्रुका तुम पुत्रके समान पालन करते हो या नहीं?

kaccid bhayādupagataṁ kṣīṇaṁ vā ripum āgatam | yuddhe vā vijitaṁ pārtha putravat parirakṣasi ||

Nārada berkata: “Wahai Pārtha, adakah engkau melindungi seperti seorang anak sendiri bahkan musuh yang datang berlindung kerana takut, atau yang telah lemah dan musnah, atau yang mendatangimu setelah dikalahkan dalam peperangan?”

कच्चित्whether (indeed)?
कच्चित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकच्चित्
Forminterrogative particle
भयात्from fear
भयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभय
Formneuter, ablative, singular
उपगतम्come/approached (seeking refuge)
उपगतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउप-गम्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular; past passive participle
क्षीणम्impoverished, weakened
क्षीणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षीण
Formmasculine, accusative, singular; (PPP of √क्षि/क्षी) used adjectivally
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
Formdisjunctive particle
रिपुम्enemy
रिपुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरिपु
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
आगतम्come, arrived
आगतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-गम्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular; past passive participle
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
Formneuter, locative, singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
Formdisjunctive particle
विजितम्conquered, defeated
विजितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-जि
Formmasculine, accusative, singular; past passive participle
पार्थO Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
पुत्रवत्like a son
पुत्रवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुत्रवत्
Formindeclinable (vat-affix adverbial usage)
परिरक्षसिdo you protect/guard
परिरक्षसि:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-रक्ष्
Formpresent tense, parasmaipada, 2nd person, singular
कुन्तीनन्दनO son of Kunti
कुन्तीनन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootकुन्तीनन्दन
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a dharmic ideal: even a hostile person, once defeated or seeking refuge in fear and ruin, should be protected with the care one gives a son. It frames victory as responsibility, not license for cruelty.

Nārada is examining Pārtha’s (Arjuna’s) conduct by asking whether he upholds the duty of protection toward a surrendered or defeated enemy—an ethical test of royal and warrior virtue.