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Shloka 5

Rājasūyābhiṣeka-darśana: Duryodhana’s Observation of the Consecration

न वै परीक्षसे सम्यगसहां शत्रुसम्भवम्‌ | ज्येष्ठपुत्रस्य हृच्छोक॑ किमर्थ नावबुध्यसे,उसे शत्रुओंकी ओरसे कोई असहा वष्ट प्राप्त हुआ है। आप उसकी अच्छी तरह परीक्षा क्यों नहीं करते? दुर्योधन आपका उज्येष्ठ पुत्र है। उसके हृदयमें महान्‌ शोक व्याप्त है। आप उसका पता क्‍यों नहीं लगाते?

na vai parīkṣase samyag asahāṁ śatru-sambhavam | jyeṣṭha-putrasya hṛc-chokaṁ kimarthaṁ nāvabudhyase ||

Vaiśampāyana berkata: “Baginda tidak menyelidik dengan sepatutnya punca penderitaan yang tidak tertanggung ini, yang timbul kerana musuh. Duryodhana ialah putera sulung baginda, dan dukacita besar telah menguasai hatinya—mengapa baginda tidak memahaminya dan bertanya akan sebabnya?”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
परीक्षसेyou examine
परीक्षसे:
TypeVerb
Rootपरीक्ष्
FormLat, Atmanepada, 2, singular, active (middle endings)
सम्यक्properly, well
सम्यक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक्
असहाम्unbearable (thing/affliction)
असहाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअसहा
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
शत्रु-सम्भवम्arising from enemies
शत्रु-सम्भवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रुसम्भव
Formneuter, accusative, singular
ज्येष्ठ-पुत्रस्यof the eldest son
ज्येष्ठ-पुत्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootज्येष्ठपुत्र
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
हृत्-शोकम्heart-sorrow, grief in the heart
हृत्-शोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहृच्छोक
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
किम्why? for what?
किम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम्
अर्थम्reason, purpose
अर्थम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवबुध्यसेyou understand, you perceive
अवबुध्यसे:
TypeVerb
Rootअवबुध्
FormLat, Atmanepada, 2, singular, active (middle endings)

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Duryodhana
E
enemies (śatru)

Educational Q&A

A ruler and parent must investigate the real causes of distress—especially when it is rooted in hostility and moral failing—rather than ignoring it. Unexamined grief and resentment in a powerful heir can become a public calamity.

In the Sabha Parva context, Duryodhana is inwardly tormented after witnessing the Pāṇḍavas’ prosperity and honor. The speaker urges the elder (implicitly Dhṛtarāṣṭra) to recognize and probe the eldest son’s heart-sorrow, since it is connected with enmity and will drive harmful political decisions.