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Shloka 4

अध्याय १: महाप्रस्थानारम्भः

The Commencement of the Great Departure

“महामते! काल ही सम्पूर्ण भूतोंको पका रहा है--विनाशकी ओर ले जा रहा है। अब मैं कालके बन्धनको स्वीकार करता हूँ। तुम भी इसकी ओर दृष्टिपात करो” ।।

iti uktaḥ sa tu kaunteyaḥ kālaḥ kāla iti bruvan | anvapadyata tad vākyaṁ bhrātur jyeṣṭhasya dhīmataḥ ||

“Wahai yang berhikmah agung! Kāla (Waktu) sedang mematangkan segala makhluk—membawa mereka menuju kebinasaan. Kini aku menerima ikatan Kāla. Engkau pun pandanglah ke arahnya.” Setelah kata-kata itu diucapkan, Arjuna putera Kuntī menjawab, “Waktu tetaplah Waktu; ia tidak dapat dielakkan.” Dengan demikian, dia menyetujui pernyataan abang sulungnya yang bijaksana.

इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उक्तःhaving been said / spoken
उक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, kta (past passive participle)
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कौन्तेयःthe son of Kunti (Arjuna)
कौन्तेयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकौन्तेय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कालःTime / Death
कालः:
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कालःTime (indeed)
कालः:
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
ब्रुवन्saying
ब्रुवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, śatṛ (present active participle)
अन्वपद्यतfollowed / assented / concurred
अन्वपद्यत:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-√पद्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वाक्यम्statement/word
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भ्रातुःof (his) brother
भ्रातुः:
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
ज्येष्ठस्यof the eldest
ज्येष्ठस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
धीमतःof the wise/intelligent
धीमतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootधीमत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna (Kaunteya)
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest brother, implied)
K
Kāla (Time)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches lucid acceptance of Kāla (Time) as an inescapable cosmic law: all beings are ‘ripened’ toward dissolution, and wisdom lies in consenting to inevitability without clinging, aligning one’s mind with dharma and renunciation.

During the Mahāprasthāna (the great departure), the eldest brother speaks about the irresistible power of Time. Arjuna responds that ‘Time is Time’—it cannot be avoided—and he endorses his elder brother’s wise statement, signaling the brothers’ shared resolve to proceed without resistance.