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Shloka 23

एवमुक्तस्तदा तेन पाण्डवेन महात्मना । जयेन सम्पूज्य स पाण्डवं तदा प्रचोदयामास हयान्‌ मनोजवान्‌ । स पाणए्डुपुत्रस्य रथो मनोजव: क्षणेन कर्णस्य रथाग्रतो5भवत्‌

evam uktas tadā tena pāṇḍavena mahātmanā | jayena sampūjya sa pāṇḍavaṁ tadā pracodayāmāsa hayān manojavān | sa pāṇḍuputrasya ratho manojavaḥ kṣaṇena karṇasya rathāgrato 'bhavat ||

Demikianlah, ketika itu setelah ditegur oleh Pāṇḍava yang berhati besar, sang sais—sambil memuliakan Pāṇḍava dengan laungan “Jaya!”—segera memacu kuda-kuda yang pantas. Dalam sekelip mata, kereta putera Pāṇḍu yang laju itu pun berada tepat di hadapan kereta Karṇa. Saat ini menegaskan ketaatan yang berdisiplin dan tindakan yang bertujuan: kehormatan bukan pada kata-kata semata, tetapi pada khidmat yang segera dan mahir, selaras dengan dharma.

एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
उक्तःhaving been addressed/said to
उक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्त, Masculine, Nominative, Singular, passive/resultative
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
तेनby him
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
पाण्डवेनby the Pandava
पाण्डवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
महात्मनाby the great-souled (one)
महात्मना:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
जयेनwith victory / with (words of) victory
जयेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सम्पूज्यhaving honored
सम्पूज्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+पूज्
Formल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्ययः), true
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पाण्डवम्the Pandava
पाण्डवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
प्रचोदयामासurged/impelled
प्रचोदयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+चुद्
Formलिट् (periphrastic perfect), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
हयान्horses
हयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मनोजवान्swift as the mind
मनोजवान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमनोजव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सःhe/that
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पाण्डुपुत्रस्यof the son of Pandu
पाण्डुपुत्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डुपुत्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
रथःchariot
रथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मनोजवःswift as the mind
मनोजवः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमनोजव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षणेनin an instant
क्षणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कर्णस्यof Karna
कर्णस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
रथाग्रतःin front of the chariot
रथाग्रतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootरथाग्रतस्
अभवत्became/was
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formलङ्, Imperfect (past), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna (Pāṇḍava, Pāṇḍuputra)
K
Karṇa
C
charioteer (implied, the one who urges the horses)
C
chariot (ratha)
H
horses (haya)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharma in action: a subordinate (the charioteer) responds to a righteous command with respect and immediacy. Honor (sampūjya) is paired with effective execution (pracodayāmāsa), showing that ethical conduct in war includes disciplined service, readiness, and competence.

After Arjuna speaks, his charioteer respectfully acclaims victory and drives the swift horses forward. Arjuna’s chariot quickly advances and positions itself directly before Karṇa’s chariot, setting the stage for direct confrontation.