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Shloka 22

Adhyāya 8: Saṃprahāra-varṇana and Bhīma–Kṣemadhūrti Dvipa-Yuddha

Combat Description and Elephant Duel

दिव्यास्त्रविन्महातेजा: कर्णो वैकर्तनो वृष: । सेनागोपश्न स कथं शत्रुभि: परमास्त्रवित्‌

divyāstravinmahātejāḥ karṇo vaikartano vṛṣaḥ | senāgopaśna sa kathaṃ śatrubhiḥ paramāstravit |

Vaiśampāyana berkata: Karṇa Vaikartana, wira yang perkasa lagi bercahaya, mahir akan senjata ilahi, ialah pelindung dan tiang seri bala tentera. Maka bagaimana dia dapat ditewaskan oleh musuh yang unggul dalam ilmu persenjataan?

दिव्यdivine
दिव्य:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदिव्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्त्र-वित्knower of weapons
अस्त्र-वित्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्रविद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महा-तेजाःof great splendor/energy
महा-तेजाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहातेजस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैकर्तनःVaikartana (son of Vikartana / Karna)
वैकर्तनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैकर्तन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वृषःbull (best) (of men)
वृषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सेना-गोपःprotector/guardian of the army
सेना-गोपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसेनागोप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नुindeed/then (emphatic particle)
नु:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how
कथम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
शत्रुभिःby/with enemies
शत्रुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
परम्supreme/utmost
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अस्त्र-वित्knower of weapons
अस्त्र-वित्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्रविद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
Karna
V
Vaikartana
A
army (senā)
D
divine weapons (divyāstrāṇi)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the Mahābhārata’s recurring insight that sheer power and technical mastery do not guarantee victory. In war, outcomes are shaped by dharma, prior actions, strategic circumstance, and fate; even a protector of the army can fall when these forces align against him.

Vaiśampāyana draws attention to Karṇa’s exceptional status—radiant, heroic, and skilled in divine missiles—while posing a pointed question about how such a warrior, serving as the army’s guardian, could nevertheless be brought down by enemy combatants renowned for their own supreme weapon-skill.