Shloka 55

Devanagari script

तस्मिन्‌ निपतिते भूमौ भीम: क्रुद्धों विशाम्पते

Transliteration

tasmin nipatite bhūmau bhīmaḥ kruddho viśāmpate

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: Tatkala dia rebah ke tanah, Bhīma—dalam amarahnya, wahai tuan manusia—bertindak dengan ganas. Baris ini menandai gelora murka yang menyusul kejatuhan seorang pahlawan, memperlihatkan bagaimana duka dan amarah dapat mendorong keganasan seterusnya serta menguji pengendalian diri di bawah tuntutan dharma dalam perang.

Word by Word

• तस्मिन्: in that (place/time)
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• निपतिते: having fallen / fallen
• निपतिते: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-पत्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त), used adjectivally

• भूमौ: on the ground
• भूमौ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• भीमः: Bhima
• भीमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• क्रुद्धः: angry
• क्रुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुध्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त), used adjectivally

• विशाम्पते: O lord of the people (O king)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विशाम्पति
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhīma
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by viśāmpate)
• bhūmi (the ground/earth)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse foregrounds krodha arising from battlefield loss; it implicitly warns that anger can overtake discernment, making self-restraint and adherence to dharma difficult even for great warriors.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that after a combatant has fallen to the ground, Bhīma becomes furious, indicating an imminent escalation in his actions on the battlefield.