Shloka 32

Devanagari script

तत्राहं वै महासंख्ये सम्पन्न युद्धदुर्मदम्‌

Transliteration

tatrāhaṃ vai mahāsaṅkhye sampannaṃ yuddhadurmadam

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: “Di sana, dalam pertempuran yang luas dan bergelora itu, aku melihat seorang yang telah mencapai kemuncak dirinya—mabuk oleh keangkuhan yang sering ditumbuhkan oleh perang.”

Word by Word

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र
• Form: indeclinable (locative adverb)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: pronoun; nominative; singular

• वै: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै
• Form: indeclinable particle

• महासंख्ये: in the great battle/host
• महासंख्ये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महासंख्य
• Form: feminine; locative; singular

• सम्पन्नम्: accomplished; fully engaged/occurred
• सम्पन्नम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + पद् (सम्पन्न)
• Form: neuter; accusative; singular (past passive participle used adjectivally)

• युद्धदुर्मदम्: having fierce pride in battle / battle-maddened
• युद्धदुर्मदम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युद्ध-दुर्मद
• Form: neuter; accusative; singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights a moral danger of warfare: victory-seeking can harden into durmada—reckless pride—where ethical restraint (dharma) is eclipsed by the intoxication of combat.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya, narrating the battlefield events to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, points to a figure in the great battle who appears fully emboldened and driven by war-born arrogance, setting the tone for the ensuing action.