Shloka 416

Devanagari script

खड्गमादत्त विपुलं शतचन्द्रं च भानुमत्‌ धनुष कट जाने और घोड़ों तथा सारथिके मारे जानेपर रथहीन हुए धृष्टद्युम्नने विशाल खड्ग और सौ चन्द्राकार चिह्नोंसे युक्त चमकती हुई ढाल हाथमें ले ली

Transliteration

khaḍgam ādatta vipulaṃ śatacandraṃ ca bhānumat | dhanuḥ khaṇḍaṃ ca jāne 'śvān sārathiṃ ca hataṃ tataḥ | rathahīno 'bhavad dhṛṣṭadyumno mahābalaḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: “Apabila busurnya diputuskan dan kuda-kuda serta saisnya dibunuh, Dhṛṣṭadyumna—kini tanpa kereta—mengangkat sebilah pedang besar dan sebuah perisai bersinar yang bertanda seratus lambang bulan.”

Word by Word

खड्गम्sword

आदत्तtook/accepted (took up)

विपुलम्large, vast

शतचन्द्रम्having a hundred moon(-like) marks

चand

भानुमत्shining, radiant

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Dhṛṣṭadyumna

sword (khaḍga)

shield (śatacandra, bhānumat)

bow (dhanuḥ)

horses (aśvāḥ)

charioteer (sārathi)

chariot (ratha)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights kṣatriya resolve: when conventional supports (chariot, bow, horses, charioteer) are lost, one does not abandon duty but adapts—taking up new weapons and continuing the struggle with steadiness and courage.

What is happening in the narrative?

Dhṛṣṭadyumna’s bow is broken and his horses and charioteer are killed, leaving him chariotless. He responds by seizing a large sword and a shining shield marked with many moon-like emblems, preparing to fight on foot.