Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 42

कर्णेन युधिष्ठिरानीकविदारणम् / Karṇa’s Breach of Yudhiṣṭhira’s Battle-Line

स्वान्यायुधानि मुख्यानि न्यदधाच्छड्करो रथे । ध्वजयष्टिं वियत्‌ कृत्वा स्थापयामास गोवृषम्‌

svāny āyudhāni mukhyāni nyadadhāc chaṅkaro rathe | dhvajayaṣṭiṃ viyat kṛtvā sthāpayāmāsa govṛṣam, puruṣasiṃha! mahārāja! |

Duryodhana berkata: “Apabila kereta perang yang unggul itu—terkenal dalam kalangan para dewa kerana menghancurkan musuh—telah siap sepenuhnya, Dewa Śaṅkara (Śiva) meletakkan di atasnya senjata-senjata utamanya. Lalu, setelah menjadikan tiang panji menjulang hingga ke langit, Baginda menempatkan lembu Baginda, Nandin, di atasnya. Maka kereta itu bukan sahaja ditandai oleh kekuatan persenjataan, tetapi juga oleh perkenan ilahi dan rasa gerun yang dibawa oleh lambang suci dalam peperangan.”

स्वानिhis own
स्वानि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
आयुधानिweapons
आयुधानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआयुध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
मुख्यानिchief, principal
मुख्यानि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमुख्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
न्यदधात्placed, put down
न्यदधात्:
TypeVerb
Rootधा
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
शङ्करःŚaṅkara (Śiva)
शङ्करः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्कर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रथेon the chariot
रथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
ध्वजbanner, flag
ध्वज:
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
FormMasculine, Stem (compound member)
यष्टिम्staff, pole
यष्टिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयष्टि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वियत्sky, space
वियत्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवियत्
FormNeuter, Accusative (as predicate complement), Singular
कृत्वाhaving made
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा, Parasmaipada (absolutive)
स्थापयामासset up, installed
स्थापयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (causative: स्थापय-)
FormPerfect periphrastic (Liṭ, periphrastic), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
गोवृषम्the bull (Nandin), the bull among cattle
गोवृषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगोवृष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
Ś
Śaṅkara (Śiva)
N
Nandin (bull of Śiva)
C
chariot (ratha)
W
weapons (āyudha)
B
banner-staff/flagpole (dhvajayaṣṭi)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in epic warfare, power is portrayed as more than human strength: divine emblems and consecrated weapons symbolize legitimacy, protection, and the moral-psychological force that sacred authority lends to a king’s cause—whether or not that cause is truly dharmic.

Duryodhana describes an extraordinary chariot: after it is completed, Śiva (Śaṅkara) places his principal weapons upon it and makes the banner-staff sky-high, installing his bull Nandin atop it as a formidable divine standard.