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Shloka 43

Karṇa’s advance against the Pāṇḍava host; Arjuna’s clash with the Saṃśaptakas (कर्णस्य पाण्डवसेनाप्रवेशः—अर्जुनस्य संशप्तकसंप्रहारः)

अहं हि तुल्य: सर्वेषां भूतानां नात्र संशय: । अधार्मिकास्तु हन्तव्या इति मे वतमाहितम्‌,तप उग्र॑ समास्थाय नियमे परमे स्थिता: । उस समय देवताओंने दैत्योंको परास्त कर दिया था, यह हमारे सुननेमें आया है। राजन! दैत्योंके परास्त हो जानेपर तारकासुरके तीन पुत्र ताराक्ष, कमलाक्ष और विद्युन्माली उग्र तपस्याका आश्रय ले उत्तम नियमोंका पालन करने लगे “इसमें संशय नहीं कि समस्त प्राणियोंके प्रति मेरा समान भाव है, तथापि मैंने यह व्रत ले रखा है कि पापात्माओंका वध कर दिया जाय

ahaṃ hi tulyaḥ sarveṣāṃ bhūtānāṃ nātra saṃśayaḥ | adhārmikās tu hantavyā iti me vratam āhitam | tapa ugraṃ samāsthāya niyame parame sthitāḥ |

“Sesungguhnya aku bersikap sama rata terhadap semua makhluk—tiada keraguan tentang itu. Namun aku telah mengambil ikrar ini: bahawa yang tidak ber-dharma mesti dibunuh.”

अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
तुल्यःequal (in attitude)
तुल्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतुल्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
भूतानाम्of beings/creatures
भूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अत्रhere/in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अधार्मिकाःunrighteous (people)
अधार्मिकाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective (used as noun)
Rootअधार्मिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
हन्तव्याःto be slain/ought to be killed
हन्तव्याः:
TypeVerb (gerundive)
Rootहन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, तव्यत् (obligative/gerundive)
इतिthus/that
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
मेmy/of me
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
व्रतम्vow
व्रतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आहितम्placed/undertaken (set)
आहितम्:
TypeVerb (past passive participle)
Rootआ-धा
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, क्त (PPP)
तपःausterity/penance
तपः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उग्रम्fierce/severe
उग्रम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समास्थायhaving undertaken/resorted to
समास्थाय:
TypeVerb (absolutive/gerund)
Rootसम्-आ-स्था
Formल्यप् (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage)
नियमेin observance/discipline
नियमे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनियम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
परमेsupreme/highest
परमे:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
स्थिताःstanding/abiding (were)
स्थिताः:
Karta
TypeVerb (past active participle)
Rootस्था
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (PAP/PPP-form used adjectivally)

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
D
Devas
D
Daityas
T
Tārakāsura
T
Tārakākṣa
K
Kamalākṣa
V
Vidyunmālī

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a moral tension: one may claim equal regard for all beings, yet still adopt a vow to punish or kill those labeled ‘adhārmika’. It cautions that appeals to dharma can be used rhetorically to legitimize violence, depending on who defines ‘unrighteousness’.

Duryodhana speaks to defend his stance in the war context, asserting impartiality while declaring a duty-vow to slay the unrighteous. The passage also invokes a remembered mythic episode—gods defeating Daityas and the subsequent fierce austerities of Tārakāsura’s three sons—as a precedent for resolve and disciplined power.