Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 32

काकोपमोपदेशः

The Crow-and-Swan Exemplum as Counsel to Karṇa

रथस्थ: स तया विद्धो वर्म भित्त्वा स्तनान्तरे | भृशं संविग्नहददय: पपात च मुमोह च

rathasthaḥ sa tayā viddho varma bhittvā stanāntare | bhṛśaṃ saṃvignahṛdayaḥ papāta ca mumoh ca ||

Sañjaya berkata: Ketika berdiri di atas ratanya, pahlawan itu ditikam oleh senjata itu, menembusi zirahnya di antara dada. Hatinya terguncang hebat; dia rebah dan pengsan.

रथस्थःstanding in the chariot
रथस्थः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरथस्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तयाby her / by that (female agent)
तया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
विद्धःpierced, struck
विद्धः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (व्यध्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
वर्मarmor
वर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भित्त्वाhaving split / having pierced through
भित्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootभिद्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
स्तनान्तरेin the space between the breasts (in the chest)
स्तनान्तरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्तनान्तर
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
भृशम्exceedingly, greatly
भृशम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभृशम्
संविग्नहृदयःwhose heart was greatly agitated
संविग्नहृदयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंविग्नहृदय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पपातfell
पपात:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मुमोहbecame deluded / fainted
मुमोह:
TypeVerb
Rootमुह्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
C
chariot (ratha)
A
armor (varma)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the vulnerability of embodied life in war: external protections like armor and status cannot guarantee safety. It implicitly points to the ethical gravity of battle—actions have immediate, irreversible consequences, and even the mighty can be overcome when skill, circumstance, and destiny align.

Sañjaya reports that a warrior, standing on his chariot, is struck by a blow associated with a female agent (“tayā”). The weapon pierces through his armor and hits his chest; overwhelmed and shaken, he falls and loses consciousness.