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Shloka 39

Karṇa-parva Adhyāya 20 — Yudhiṣṭhira–Duryodhana Encounter and Escalation of Arms

मृदितानीव पद्मानि प्रम्लाना इव च स्रज:

mṛditānīva padmāni pramlānā iva ca srajaḥ

Sañjaya berkata: “Mereka tampak seperti bunga teratai yang diremukkan, dan seperti kalungan bunga yang layu—gambaran keindahan dan daya hidup yang musnah oleh kekerasan perang.”

मृदितानिcrushed, bruised
मृदितानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमृदित (√मृद्/मृद्- धातु, क्त प्रत्यय)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
इवas if, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
पद्मानिlotuses
पद्मानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपद्म
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
प्रम्लानाःwithered, faded
प्रम्लानाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रम्लान (प्र-√म्लै/म्लान् धातु, क्त प्रत्यय)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
इवas if, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
स्रजःgarlands
स्रजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्रज्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

P
padma (lotus)
S
sraj (garland)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the fragility of life and splendor: in war, what is naturally beautiful and flourishing becomes quickly ruined. It evokes ethical reflection on the cost of violence and the impermanence of worldly forms.

Sañjaya is describing the aftermath or condition of those affected in the fighting, using vivid similes—crushed lotuses and withered garlands—to convey exhaustion, injury, and the loss of vitality caused by the battle.