Shloka 2

Karṇa-parva Adhyāya 20 — Yudhiṣṭhira–Duryodhana Encounter and Escalation of Arms

Devanagari script

समाप्तविद्यो बलवान्‌ युक्तो वीर: स पाण्डव: । सर्वभूतेष्वनुज्ञात: शड्करेण महात्मना,पाण्डुकुमार अर्जुन युद्धविद्याकी शिक्षा समाप्त कर चुके हैं। वे विजयके प्रयत्नमें लगे हुए बलवान वीर हैं। भगवान्‌ शंकरने उन्हें कृपापूर्वक अनुगृहीत करते हुए यह कह दिया है कि “तुम समस्त प्राणियोंमें प्रधान एवं अजेय होओगे”

Transliteration

saṃāptavidyo balavān yukto vīraḥ sa pāṇḍavaḥ | sarvabhūteṣv anujñātaḥ śaṅkareṇa mahātmanā ||

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: Pahlawan Pāṇḍava itu, Arjuna putera Pāṇḍu, telah menyempurnakan latihan dalam seni peperangan. Gagah dan teguh dalam usaha meraih kemenangan, dia juga telah menerima perkenan penuh rahmat daripada Dewa Śaṅkara (Śiva) yang berhati luhur, yang mengurniakan jaminan: “Dalam kalangan segala makhluk, engkau akan menjadi yang terunggul dan tidak terkalahkan.”

Word by Word

• {'saṃāpta-vidyaḥ': 'one whose learning/training has been completed', 'balavān': 'strong, powerful', 'yuktaḥ': 'disciplined

• properly equipped/steadfast', 'vīraḥ': 'hero, valiant warrior', 'pāṇḍavaḥ': 'a son/descendant of Pāṇḍu

• here, Arjuna', 'sarva-bhūteṣu': 'among all beings/creatures', 'anujñātaḥ': 'permitted, sanctioned, granted approval/boon', 'śaṅkareṇa': 'by Śaṅkara (Śiva)', 'mahātmanā': 'by the great-souled one

• noble, exalted', 'pāṇḍu-kumāraḥ': 'son of Pāṇḍu', 'arjunaḥ': 'Arjuna (the Pāṇḍava archer)', 'yuddha-vidyā': 'knowledge/skill of warfare', 'śikṣā': 'training, instruction'}

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Arjuna
• Pāṇḍu
• Śaṅkara (Śiva)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Mastery gained through disciplined training (yuddha-vidyā) is strengthened and ethically legitimized when aligned with higher sanction—here symbolized by Śaṅkara’s anujñā (gracious approval). The verse emphasizes preparedness, steadfast effort, and the role of divine grace in empowering righteous action.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes Arjuna as fully trained in warfare, strong and resolute in seeking victory, and specially favored by Lord Śiva (Śaṅkara), who has granted him an assurance of preeminence and invincibility among beings—highlighting Arjuna’s formidable standing in the coming battle.