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Shloka 43

Chapter 12: Arjuna’s suppression of the Saṃśaptakas and duel with Aśvatthāmā

Drauṇi

तस्य भीमोडपि द्विरदं गदया समपोथयत्‌ | तस्मात्‌ प्रमथिताजन्नागात्‌ क्षेमधूर्तिमवप्लुतम्‌

tasya bhīmo 'pi dviradaṃ gadayā samapothayat | tasmāt pramathitāj jannāgāt kṣemadhūrtim avaplutam |

Sañjaya berkata: Bhīma juga menumbangkan gajahnya dengan gada. Lalu Kṣemadhūrti, tergoncang dan terpaksa meninggalkan tunggangannya, melompat turun dan mara ke hadapan. Ketika dia maju dengan pedang di tangan, Bhīmasena sekali lagi menghentamnya dengan gada; rebah oleh pukulan itu, nyawanya pun terputus, dan dia runtuh di sisi gajahnya, masih menggenggam pedang.

तस्यof him/that (of Kṣemadhūrti)
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
भीमःBhīma
भीमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उतalso/and
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
द्विरदम्elephant
द्विरदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विरद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गदयाwith a mace
गदया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगदा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
समपोथयत्smashed/struck down completely
समपोथयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + अप + √पुथ्/पथ् (पोथयति)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तस्मात्from that (elephant)
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
प्रमथितात्from the crushed/slain (one)
प्रमथितात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र + √मथ् (प्रमथित)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
अजन्the warrior (Kṣemadhūrti) / the man
अजन्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आगात्came/approached
आगात्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + √गम्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
क्षेमधूर्तिम्Kṣemadhūrti
क्षेमधूर्तिम्:
Karma
TypeProperNoun
Rootक्षेमधूर्ति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अवप्लुतम्having leapt down/jumped off
अवप्लुतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअव + √प्लु (अवप्लुत)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīma (Bhīmasena)
K
Kṣemadhūrti
E
elephant (dvirada)
M
mace (gadā)
S
sword (as per narrative context)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the harsh logic of battlefield dharma: when combat is joined, hesitation can be fatal, and a warrior’s duty is to neutralize immediate threats decisively. It also reflects the impermanence of martial power—mount, weapon, and life can be lost in an instant.

Sañjaya reports that Bhīma smashes Kṣemadhūrti’s elephant with his mace. Kṣemadhūrti dismounts and advances with a sword, but Bhīma strikes him again with the mace, killing him; he falls near his elephant with the sword still in hand.