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Shloka 23

Bhīmasena–Drauṇi Mahāyuddha

Chariot Duel and Astra-Exchange

पश्य पार्थ यथा सेना धार्तराष्ट्रीह संयुगे । कर्णेन विहिता वीर गुप्ता वीरैर्महारथै:,“वीर पार्थ! देखो, इस समय युद्धस्थलमें धृतराष्ट्रपुत्रोंकी सेना कैसी स्थितिमें है? कर्णने वीर महारथियोंद्वारा इसे किस प्रकार सुरक्षित कर दिया है?

paśya pārtha yathā senā dhārtarāṣṭrīha saṁyuge | karṇena vihitā vīra guptā vīrair mahārathaiḥ ||

Sañjaya berkata: “Lihatlah, wahai Pārtha—lihat bagaimana bala tentera putera-putera Dhṛtarāṣṭra berdiri di medan pertempuran ini. Wahai wira, perhatikan bagaimana Karṇa menyusun mereka dan bagaimana mereka dikawal oleh para pahlawan besar, para pejuang kereta perang yang agung.”

पश्यsee, behold
पश्य:
TypeVerb
Rootपश्
Formलोट् (imperative), 2, singular, परस्मैपद
पार्थO Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
यथाhow, in what manner
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
सेनाarmy
सेना:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
धार्तराष्ट्रीbelonging to Dhritarashtra’s (sons), Kaurava
धार्तराष्ट्री:
TypeAdjective
Rootधार्तराष्ट्री
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
इहhere, in this situation
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
संयुगेin battle
संयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग
Formneuter, locative, singular
कर्णेनby Karna
कर्णेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
विहिताarranged, set in order
विहिता:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-धा (धातु: धा)
Formक्त (past passive participle), feminine, nominative, singular
वीरO hero
वीर:
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
गुप्ताprotected, guarded
गुप्ता:
TypeVerb
Rootगुप्
Formक्त (past passive participle), feminine, nominative, singular
वीरैःby heroes
वीरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
महारथैःby great chariot-warriors
महारथैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
K
Karṇa
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons (Kauravas)
K
Kaurava army
M
mahārathas (great chariot-warriors)
B
battlefield (saṁyuga)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical weight of warfare in the epic: victory is not only a matter of force but of disciplined organization, capable leadership, and the protection of one’s forces. It frames battle as a domain where responsibility and strategic order (vyūha/arrangement) are central to a kṣatriya’s conduct.

Sañjaya directs Arjuna’s attention to the Kaurava host on the battlefield, emphasizing that Karṇa has arranged the army and that it is strongly guarded by great chariot-warriors. The line sets the scene for the coming engagement by underscoring the enemy’s preparedness and defensive strength.