Previous Verse

Shloka 231

कर्णसेनापत्यारम्भः — Karṇa’s Appointment and the Report to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Chapter 1

दुर्मरं तदहं मन्ये नृणां कृच्छे5पि वर्तताम्‌ यत्र कर्ण हत॑ श्रुत्वा नात्यजज्जीवितं नृप:

durmaraṁ tad ahaṁ manye nṛṇāṁ kṛcche ’pi vartatām | yatra karṇa-hataṁ śrutvā nātyajajjīvitaṁ nṛpaḥ ||

Janamejaya berkata: “Pada hematku, hampir mustahil bagi manusia—walaupun dihimpit kesusahan yang paling getir—untuk menanggung keadaan di mana, sebaik sahaja mendengar bahawa Karṇa telah gugur, seorang raja tidak serta-merta melepaskan nyawanya. Keteguhan menahan diri di hadapan kehilangan yang menghancurkan itu tampaknya melampaui kemampuan insan biasa.”

दुर्मरम्hard to die (i.e., hard to give up life)
दुर्मरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्मर
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
मन्येI think/consider
मन्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
FormPresent, First, Singular, Ātmanepada
नृणाम्of men
नृणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootनृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
कृच्छेin distress/difficulty
कृच्छे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकृच्छ्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
वर्तताम्of those who live/continue (to exist)
वर्तताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (वर्तते)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Ātmanepada, Imperative (injunctive-like usage possible)
यत्रwhere/when
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
कर्णO Karṇa
कर्ण:
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
हतम्killed/slain
हतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहन् (हत)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (श्रुत्वा)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अत्यजत्abandoned/gave up
अत्यजत्:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
जीवितम्life
जीवितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नृपःthe king
नृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

जनमेजय उवाच

J
Janamejaya
K
Karṇa
N
nṛpa (the king, unspecified in this verse)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the extraordinary weight of grief and shock in dharmic-royal life: some losses are so severe that ordinary human endurance fails. It implicitly praises exceptional self-control (or points to an unusual destiny) when a ruler can continue living despite hearing of a catastrophic death.

Janamejaya reacts to the report of Karṇa’s death and expresses amazement that a certain king, upon hearing that Karṇa was slain, did not immediately die (or renounce life). The line functions as a narrative prompt, emphasizing the magnitude of Karṇa’s fall and the emotional stakes for those connected to him.