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Shloka 12

Adhyāya 57 — Arjuna’s Vow-Anxiety, Kṛṣṇa’s Counsel, and the Pāśupata Authorization

स चेन्ममार सृञ्जय चतुर्भद्रतरस्त्वया । पुत्रात्‌ पुण्यतरस्तुभ्यं मा पुत्रमनुतप्यथा: । अयज्वानमदाक्षिण्यमश्रि श्वैत्येत्युदाहरत्‌,सूंजय! राजा पौरव धर्म, ज्ञान, वैराग्य और ऐश्वर्य--इन चारों बातोंमें तुमसे बढ़कर थे और तुम्हारे पुत्रसे भी अधिक पुण्यात्मा थे। श्वैत्य सृंजय! जब वे भी मर गये, तब तुम यज्ञ और दक्षिणासे रहित अपने पुत्रके लिये शोक न करो। नारदजीने राजा सूंजयसे यही बात कही

sa cen mamāra sṛñjaya caturbhadrataras tvayā | putrāt puṇyataras tubhyaṃ mā putram anutapyathāḥ || ayajvān amadākṣiṇyam aśri śvaity ety udāharat, sūñjaya! ||

Nārada berkata: “Wahai Sṛñjaya, jika raja Śvaiti itu telah mangkat—dia yang lebih diberkati daripada engkau dalam empat hal, bahkan lebih besar jasanya daripada puteramu—maka janganlah engkau meratapi puteramu. Wahai Sūñjaya, jadikan Śvaiti teladan: meskipun dia juga telah pergi, engkau tidak patut tenggelam dalam dukacita atas puteramu yang tanpa korban suci dan tanpa pemberian (dakṣiṇā).” Demikianlah Nārada menasihati Raja Sūñjaya, mengalihkan fikirannya daripada ratap peribadi kepada pandangan moral yang lebih luas tentang jasa, dharma, dan keniscayaan maut.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत्
ममारdied
ममार:
TypeVerb
Rootमृ
FormPerfect (Paroksha), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सृञ्जयO Sṛñjaya
सृञ्जय:
TypeNoun
Rootसृञ्जय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
चतुर्भद्रतरःmore auspicious in four ways / fourfold more excellent
चतुर्भद्रतरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्भद्रतर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वयाthan you / by you
त्वया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootत्वद्
FormMasculine/Feminine, Instrumental, Singular
पुत्रात्than (your) son
पुत्रात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
पुण्यतरःmore virtuous
पुण्यतरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्यतर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुभ्यम्to you / for you
तुभ्यम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootत्वद्
FormMasculine/Feminine, Dative, Singular
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
पुत्रम्son
पुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनुतप्यथाःgrieve (after), lament
अनुतप्यथाः:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-तप्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Atmanepada
अयज्वानम्one who does not sacrifice
अयज्वानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअयज्वान्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अदाक्षिण्यम्without dakṣiṇā (gift/fee), ungenerousness
अदाक्षिण्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअदाक्षिण्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अश्रिmisfortune / lack of prosperity
अश्रि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्रि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
श्वैत्यO Śvaitya
श्वैत्य:
TypeNoun
Rootश्वैत्य
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उदाहरत्said, uttered
उदाहरत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-आ-हृ
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सृञ्जयO Sṛñjaya
सृञ्जय:
TypeNoun
Rootसृञ्जय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
S
Sṛñjaya (Sūñjaya)
Ś
Śvaiti (king)

Educational Q&A

Nārada redirects Sṛñjaya from personal sorrow to a dharmic perspective: death is inevitable even for highly meritorious kings, so excessive grief is unhelpful; moreover, merit is linked to righteous conduct such as yajña and dakṣiṇā, and one should reflect on values rather than be consumed by lamentation.

Nārada addresses King Sṛñjaya (also referred to as Sūñjaya) and uses the death of King Śvaiti—described as superior in four auspicious qualities and more meritorious than Sṛñjaya’s son—as an illustrative example to counsel him not to mourn his son, especially a son characterized as lacking sacrificial and charitable acts.