Shloka 19

Devanagari script

पुत्रशोकाभितप्तेन शरैरभ्यर्दितेन च

Transliteration

putraśokābhitaptena śarair abhyarditena ca

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: Dia hangus dibakar oleh dukacita atas anaknya, dan lagi diseksa oleh anak panah (musuh).

Word by Word

• पुत्रशोकाभितप्तेन: by one tormented by grief for (his) son
• पुत्रशोकाभितप्तेन: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुत्र-शोक-अभितप्त
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• शरैः: with arrows
• शरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• अभ्यर्दितेन: by (one) afflicted/harassed
• अभ्यर्दितेन: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभ्यर्दित
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line highlights how personal grief can intensify the suffering of war: inner anguish (bereavement) and outer violence (arrows) together overwhelm a warrior, reminding readers that battlefield duty is inseparable from human vulnerability and the ethical cost of conflict.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a combatant who is already devastated by the loss of his son and is simultaneously being hard-pressed in battle by a shower of arrows, emphasizing the compounded pressure—emotional and physical—at this moment in the war.