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Shloka 28

Adhyāya 143: Nocturnal duels—Nākuli and Citraseṇa; Vṛṣasena’s assault; Duḥśāsana vs Prativindhya

एतेन हि महाबाहो रक्षितव्य: स पार्थिव: । तमेष कथमुत्सूज्य मम कृष्ण पदानुग:,“महाबाहो! सात्यकिको तो उन्हींकी रक्षा करनी चाहिये थी। श्रीकृष्ण! उन्हें छोड़कर ये मेरे पीछे कैसे चले आये?

etena hi mahābāho rakṣitavyaḥ sa pārthivaḥ | tameṣa katham utsṛjya mama kṛṣṇa padānugaḥ ||

“Wahai yang berlengan perkasa, oleh orang inilah raja sepatutnya dilindungi. Wahai Kṛṣṇa, bagaimana mungkin dia meninggalkannya lalu datang mengikutiku—dia yang setia menuruti jejak langkahmu?”

एतेनby this (person)
एतेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
महाबाहोO mighty-armed one
महाबाहो:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
रक्षितव्यःto be protected/ought to be protected
रक्षितव्यः:
TypeVerb-derived adjective (gerundive)
Rootरक्ष्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe/that one
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थिवःthe king
पार्थिवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एषःthis (man)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
उत्सृज्यhaving abandoned/after leaving
उत्सृज्य:
TypeVerb (absolutive/gerund)
Rootउत्-√सृज्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
ममof me/my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
कृष्णO Krishna
कृष्ण:
TypeNoun (proper name, vocative)
Rootकृष्ण
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पदानुगःa follower (at the heels)
पदानुगः:
Karta
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootपदानुग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kṛṣṇa
S
Sātyaki
P
pārthiva (the king/ruler)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights kṣatriya-dharma in war: protection of the rightful leader is a primary obligation, and abandoning that charge is ethically questionable—even for one otherwise devoted to Kṛṣṇa.

Sañjaya reports a moment of surprise and reproach: Sātyaki, who should have been guarding the king, has left that duty and come after Sañjaya; Sañjaya addresses Kṛṣṇa, emphasizing Sātyaki’s devotion as a follower of Kṛṣṇa’s path.