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Shloka 31

द्रौणि-पार्षतयोर्युद्धम् | The Duel of Aśvatthāmā

Drauṇi) and Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Pārṣata

अन्योन्यमभिवीक्षन्तौ गोष्ठेष्विव महर्षभौ । वे गोशालाओंमें लड़नेवाले दो बड़े-बड़े साँड्ोंक॒ समान एक-दूसरेपर चोट करनेकी इच्छा रखते हुए अवसर ढूँढ़ते और परस्पर आँखें तरेरकर देखते थे || ३० $ ।। महागजाविवासाद्य विषाणाग्रै: परस्परम्‌

anyonyam abhivīkṣantau goṣṭheṣv iva maharṣabhau | mahāgajāvivāsādya viṣāṇāgraiḥ parasparam ||

Sañjaya berkata: Dua pendekar perkasa itu saling memerhati, bagaikan dua lembu jantan besar di kandang, mencari ruang dengan hasrat untuk menghentam. Seperti dua gajah raksasa yang bertemu muka, mereka menekan antara satu sama lain, hujung tanduk bertemu, masing-masing menguji kekuatan lawan—gambaran perang, ketika keangkuhan dan keperwiraan mendorong manusia mencari kelebihan walau kebinasaan makin menghampiri.

अन्योन्यम्mutually, each other
अन्योन्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्योन्य
Formavyaya (adverbial accusative usage)
अभिवीक्षन्तौboth looking at, gazing upon
अभिवीक्षन्तौ:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√वीक्ष्
Formpresent participle (शतृ), nominative masculine dual
गोष्ठेषुin cattle-pens, in cow-stalls
गोष्ठेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगोष्ठ
Formmasculine, locative plural
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
Formavyaya
महर्षभौtwo great bulls
महर्षभौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहर्षभ
Formmasculine, nominative dual
महागजौtwo great elephants
महागजौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहागज
Formmasculine, nominative dual
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
Formavyaya
आसाद्यhaving approached, having encountered
आसाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√सद्
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), indeclinable
विषाणाग्रैःwith the tips of (their) horns
विषाणाग्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविषाणाग्र
Formneuter, instrumental plural
परस्परम्mutually, one another
परस्परम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्पर
Formavyaya (adverbial accusative usage)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how martial pride and the urge to dominate can narrow attention to openings and advantage, turning opponents into mere targets. Ethically, it warns that when rivalry governs perception, violence escalates through mutual provocation and relentless testing of strength.

Sañjaya describes two foremost warriors confronting each other in close combat. They glare, circle, and look for a chance to strike, compared to powerful bulls in a pen and to great elephants meeting head-on with horn-tips pressed together.