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Shloka 56

Sātyaki-praveśaḥ and Duryodhana-saṃnipātaḥ

Sātyaki’s passage and Duryodhana’s mass engagement

ततो युद्धमभूद्‌ राज॑स्तेषां तव च धन्विनाम्‌

tato yuddham abhūd rājas teṣāṃ tava ca dhanvinām

Sañjaya berkata: “Kemudian, wahai Raja, tercetuslah pertempuran yang sengit antara para pahlawan itu dan para pemanahmu.” Baris ini menegaskan tragedi yang sukar dielakkan apabila kewajipan dan kesetiaan yang bertentangan mengeras menjadi keganasan, lalu kedua-dua pihak ditarik ke arah kebinasaan bersama.

ततःthen/thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (पञ्चमी-अर्थे: 'from/thereafter')
युद्धम्battle
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन
अभूत्arose/occurred/was
अभूत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलुङ् (अङ्गभूत-भूतकाल), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन एकवचन
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी बहुवचन (त्रिलिङ्ग)
तवof you/your
तव:
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी एकवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formअव्यय
धन्विनाम्of the bowmen/archers
धन्विनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootधन्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी बहुवचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
King Dhṛtarāṣṭra
Y
your bowmen (Kaurava archers)
T
those warriors (opposing fighters)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how war emerges as a consequence of entrenched allegiance and duty: once sides are fixed, even rightful obligations (kṣatriya-dharma) can culminate in destructive conflict, reminding the listener of the ethical weight and cost of such choices.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that fighting has broken out between the opposing warriors and the king’s own archers, marking an escalation into direct battle in the Drona Parva context.