Shloka 22

Adhyāya 6: Pañca-mahābhūta–guṇa-nirdeśa and Sudarśana-dvīpa

Five Elements, Sensory Qualities, and a Cosmographic Island

Devanagari script

तस्यैव मूर्धन्युशना: काव्यो दैत्यैर्महीपते । इमानि तस्य रत्नानि तस्येमे रत्नपर्वता:

Transliteration

tasyaiva mūrdhany uśanāḥ kāvyo daityair mahīpate | imāni tasya ratnāni tasyeme ratnaparvatāḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: “Wahai Raja, di puncak Gunung Meru itu sendiri berdiri Uśanā Kāvya (Śukrācārya), menetap bersama para Daitya. Permata-permata ini dan gunung-ganang yang terbuat daripada permata ini berada di bawah kekuasaannya.”

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him/that
• तस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, singular

• एव: indeed/only
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• मूर्धनि: on the summit/head (top)
• मूर्धनि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूर्धन्
• Form: masculine, locative, singular

• उशना: Uśanā (Śukra)
• उशना: Karta
• Type: Noun (proper name)
• Root: उशनस्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• काव्यः: Kāvya (son of Kavi; epithet of Śukra)
• काव्यः: Karta
• Type: Noun (patronymic/epithet)
• Root: काव्य
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• दैत्यैः: with/by the Daityas (demons)
• दैत्यैः: Sahakari/Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दैत्य
• Form: masculine, instrumental, plural

• महीपते: O king (lord of the earth)
• महीपते: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative address)
• Root: महीपति
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• इमानि: these
• इमानि: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: neuter, nominative, plural

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, singular

• रत्नानि: gems/jewels
• रत्नानि: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रत्न
• Form: neuter, nominative, plural

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, singular

• इमे: these
• इमे: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• रत्नपर्वताः: gem-mountains (mountains of jewels)
• रत्नपर्वताः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रत्नपर्वत
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• भूपाल: O protector of the earth (king)
• भूपाल: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative address)
• Root: भूपाल
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Mahīpati (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, addressed as king)
• Uśanā Kāvya (Śukrācārya)
• Daityas
• Meru (mountain)
• Ratnas (jewels)
• Ratna-parvatas (jewel-mountains)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how immense wealth and extraordinary resources (jewels and jewel-mountains) are still subject to governance and rightful control—here attributed to Śukrācārya among the Daityas—implying that power and prosperity are structured by authority, counsel, and order rather than being ownerless spoils.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a mythic scene on Mount Meru: Śukrācārya (Uśanā Kāvya) resides on its summit with the Daityas, and the remarkable jewels and jewel-mountains mentioned are said to be under his dominion.