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Shloka 20

उत्पातवर्णनम् (Utpāta-varṇanam) — Catalogue of Portents

प्रधाना: सर्वलोकस्य यास्वायत्तमिदं जगत्‌ | ता गाव: प्रस्नुता वत्सै: शोणितं प्रक्षरन्त्युत,जो सम्पूर्ण जगत्‌में माताके समान प्रधान मानी जाती हैं, यह समस्त संसार जिनके अधीन है, वे गौएँ बछड़ोंसे पिन्हा जानेके बाद अपने थनोंसे खून बहाती हैं

pradhānāḥ sarvalokasya yāsv āyattam idaṃ jagat | tā gāvaḥ prasnutā vatsaiḥ śoṇitaṃ prakṣaranty uta ||

Lembu-lembu itu—yang dianggap paling utama bagi segala alam, dan dikatakan seluruh jagat bergantung padanya—apabila ditekan dan diperah oleh anak-anaknya, kelihatan darah mengalir dari putingnya. Pernyataan ini menegaskan pembalikan yang mengerikan terhadap tertib alam dan moral: bahkan makhluk yang dihormati sebagai ibu sejagat pun didorong ke dalam penderitaan, tanda adharma merebak dan suasana ngeri mengelilingi perang.

प्रधाना:chief, foremost
प्रधाना::
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रधान
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वलोकस्यof the whole world/people
सर्वलोकस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वलोक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
यासुin whom/among whom
यासु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
आयत्तम्dependent, resting upon
आयत्तम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआयत्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
जगत्world
जगत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजगत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ता:those (they)
ता::
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
गाव:cows
गाव::
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
प्रस्नुता:oozing, flowing forth
प्रस्नुता::
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रस्नु
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
वत्सै:by/with calves
वत्सै::
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवत्स
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
शोणितम्blood
शोणितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशोणित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रक्षरन्तिthey pour forth, they shed
प्रक्षरन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + क्षर्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
उतalso, moreover
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyasa
C
cows (gāvaḥ)
C
calves (vatsāḥ)
B
blood (śoṇita)

Educational Q&A

When dharma declines, the natural and moral order is disturbed; even the most revered and nurturing beings (cows, treated as mothers) are afflicted. The verse uses a shocking image to warn that collective wrongdoing and impending violence manifest as suffering and ominous signs in the world.

Vyāsa is describing inauspicious portents connected with the approaching conflict. Among these signs, cows—normally symbols of nourishment and auspiciousness—are depicted as bleeding when their calves suckle, indicating a world out of balance on the eve of war.