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Shloka 13

Karma-Yoga, Yajña-Cakra, and the Governance of Desire (कर्मयोग–यज्ञचक्र–कामनिग्रह)

ततः शड्खाश्न भेर्यश्व॒ पणवानकगोमुखा: । सहसैवाभ्यहन्यन्त स शब्दस्तुमुलो5भवत्‌,इसके पश्चात्‌ शंख और नगारे तथा ढोल, मृदंग और नरसिंघे आदि बाजे एक साथ ही बज उठे। उनका वह शब्द बड़ा भयंकर हुआ

tataḥ śaṅkhāś ca bheryaś ca paṇavānaka-gomukhāḥ | sahasaivābhyahanyanta sa śabdas tumulo 'bhavat ||

Sañjaya berkata: Kemudian sangkakala dan gendang perang, bersama tabur, gendang-gendang besar serta tanduk gomukha, dibunyikan serentak. Deru gabungan itu menjadi hiruk-pikuk dan menggerunkan—tanda yang dapat didengar bahawa bala tentera telah sepenuhnya memasuki suasana perang.

ततःthen/thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
Formअव्यय
शङ्खाःconches
शङ्खाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्ख
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन
भेर्यःkettledrums
भेर्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभेरी
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन
पणवाःdrums (paṇava)
पणवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपणव
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन
आनकाःwar-drums (ānaka)
आनकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआनक
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन
गोमुखाःgomukha-horns (cow-faced horns)
गोमुखाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगोमुख
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; बहुवचन
सहसाsuddenly/at once
सहसा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
Formअव्यय
एवindeed/just
एव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
Formअव्यय
अभ्यहन्यन्तwere struck/beat (were sounded)
अभ्यहन्यन्त:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-हन् (धातु: हन्)
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत); प्रथमपुरुष; बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद/कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive sense)
सःthat
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सः)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन
शब्दःsound/noise
शब्दः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन
तुमुलःtumultuous/terrible
तुमुलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन
अभवत्became/was
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु: भू)
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत); प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; परस्मैपद

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ś
śaṅkha (conch)
B
bherī (kettledrum)
P
paṇava (drum)
Ā
ānaka (drum)
G
gomukha (horn)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how collective action and shared intent manifest outwardly: the unified sounding of instruments signals a decisive shift into warfare. Ethically, it frames the battlefield as a space where inner resolve—whether righteous or misguided—quickly becomes public and consequential.

Sañjaya describes the moment when multiple war instruments—conches, drums, and horns—are sounded simultaneously, producing a terrifying, tumultuous din. This intensifies the atmosphere and marks the armies’ readiness and escalation toward battle.