Shloka 47

Devanagari script

ततो दुर्योधनो राजा पुनर्भ्रातरमब्रवीत्‌ । सव्यं चक्र युधामन्युरुत्तमौजाश्न दक्षिणम्‌

Transliteration

tato duryodhano rājā punar bhrātaram abravīt | savyaṃ cakra yudhāmanyur uttamaujāś ca dakṣiṇam ||

Translation

Kemudian Raja Duryodhana sekali lagi berbicara kepada saudaranya. Dia menempatkan Yudhāmanyu di sayap kiri dan Uttamaujā di sayap kanan, menyusun bala tenteranya dalam formasi yang teratur.

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः
• Form: Avyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereupon')

• दुर्योधनः: Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः
• Form: Avyaya

• भ्रातरम्: to (his) brother
• भ्रातरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ
• Form: Masculine, accusative, singular

• अब्रवीत्: said, spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular

• सव्यम्: left (side)
• सव्यम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सव्य
• Form: Neuter, accusative, singular (used adverbially: 'on the left')

• चक्र: made, placed, arranged
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular

• युधामन्युः: Yudhāmanyu
• युधामन्युः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधामन्यु
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• उत्तमौजाः: Uttamaujā
• उत्तमौजाः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उत्तमौजस्
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: Avyaya

• दक्षिणम्: right (side)
• दक्षिणम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दक्षिण
• Form: Neuter, accusative, singular (used adverbially: 'on the right')

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Duryodhana
• bhrātā (Duryodhana’s brother)
• Yudhāmanyu
• Uttamaujā
• left wing (savya)
• right wing (dakṣiṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical weight of leadership in war: a ruler’s speech and decisions are not merely tactical but shape the fate of many. It reflects kṣatriya-dharma as disciplined command—placing warriors deliberately, accepting responsibility for consequences.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Duryodhana again speaks to his brother and arranges the battle line, placing Yudhāmanyu on the left and Uttamaujā on the right, indicating active re-formation and command adjustments amid the fighting.