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Shloka 4

Abhaya-Itihāsa: Karma, Indriyas, and the Non-sensory Brahman

Brāhmaṇī–Brāhmaṇa Saṃvāda

भार्या: पतिकृतॉल्लोकानाप्रुवन्तीति न: श्रुतम्‌ त्वामहं पतिमासाद्य कां गमिष्यामि वै गतिम्‌,एक ब्राह्मण, जो ज्ञान-विज्ञानके पारगामी विद्वान्‌ थे, एकान्त स्थानमें बैठे हुए थे, यह देखकर उनकी पत्नी ब्राह्मणी अपने उन पतिदेवके पास जाकर बोली--'प्राणनाथ! मैंने सुना है कि स्त्रियाँ पतिके कर्मानुसार प्राप्त हुए लोकोंको जाती हैं; किंतु आप तो कर्म छोड़कर बैठे हैं और मेरे प्रति कठोरताका बर्ताव करते हैं। आपको इस बातका पता नहीं है कि मैं अनन्यभावसे आपके ही आश्रित हूँ। ऐसी दशामें आप-जैसे पतिका आश्रय लेकर मैं किस लोकमें जाऊँगी? आपको पतिरूपमें पाकर मेरी क्या गति होगी”

vāyudeva uvāca | bhāryāḥ patikṛtān lokān āpnuvantīti naḥ śrutam | tvām ahaṃ patim āsādya kāṃ gamiṣyāmi vai gatim ||

Vāyudeva bersabda: “Kami telah mendengar bahawa para isteri mencapai alam-alam yang diperoleh melalui perbuatan suami mereka. Namun jika setelah aku memperoleh engkau sebagai suami, aku mendapati engkau duduk menyendiri seperti orang yang meninggalkan tindakan dan bersikap keras terhadapku, apakah sebenarnya takdir yang akan kucapai? Dengan engkau sebagai tempat berlindung, ke alam manakah aku akan pergi?”

भार्याःwives
भार्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पति-कृतान्made/earned by the husband
पति-कृतान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपति-कृत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
लोकान्worlds (heavenly realms)
लोकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
आप्नुवन्तिattain
आप्नुवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootआप्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
नःof us / our
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
श्रुतम्heard (it is heard/known)
श्रुतम्:
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
पतिम्husband
पतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आसाद्यhaving approached/obtained
आसाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√सद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
काम्which (what kind of)
काम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गमिष्यामिshall go
गमिष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Root√गम्
FormSimple Future (लृट्), First, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
गतिम्destination, course
गतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

वायुदेव (Vāyudeva)
भāryā (wife)
पति (husband)
लोक (realms/worlds)
गति (destiny/attainment)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a dharmic assumption in traditional ethics: a wife’s posthumous welfare is closely linked to her husband’s conduct and merit. It implicitly critiques neglect of household responsibility—if the husband abandons righteous action and fails in compassionate duty, the dependent spouse is left spiritually vulnerable.

A wife addresses her husband, invoking what she has ‘heard’ as accepted teaching—that wives reach the realms earned by their husbands. Seeing him withdrawn from action and treating her harshly, she asks anxiously what destiny she can attain by taking refuge in such a husband.