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Shloka 19

Vāsudeva’s Upadeśa: The Inner Enemy and the Indra–Vṛtra Precedent (आत्मशत्रु-बोधः; इन्द्र-वृत्रोपाख्यानम्)

ततो वृत्रं शरीरस्थं जघान भरतर्षभ । शतक्रतुरदृश्येन वज्ञेणेतीह न: श्रुतम्‌,भरतश्रेष्ठ! तत्पश्चात्‌ शतक्रतुने अपने शरीरके भीतर स्थित हुए वृत्रासुरको अदृश्य वज्के द्वारा मार डाला ऐसा हमने सुना है

tato vṛtraṃ śarīrasthaṃ jaghāna bharatarṣabha | śatakratur adṛśyena vajreṇetīha naḥ śrutam ||

Kemudian, wahai banteng di antara keturunan Bharata, Śatakratu (Indra) menewaskan Vṛtra yang telah bersemayam di dalam tubuhnya sendiri—demikianlah kami dengar di sini—dengan vajra yang tidak kelihatan.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb)
वृत्रम्Vṛtra (the demon)
वृत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
शरीरस्थम्situated in (his) body
शरीरस्थम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशरीरस्थ
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
जघानslew, struck down
जघान:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formperfect, parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootभरतर्षभ
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
शतक्रतुःŚatakratu (Indra)
शतक्रतुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशतक्रतु
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अदृश्येनby an invisible (one)
अदृश्येन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअदृश्य
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
वज्रेणwith the thunderbolt
वज्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवज्र
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
Formindeclinable (quotative particle)
इहhere, in this matter
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
Formindeclinable
नःof us, to us
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formgenitive, plural (enclitic)
श्रुतम्has been heard
श्रुतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formpast passive participle, neuter, nominative/accusative, singular (impersonal: 'it is heard')

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva (speaker)
V
Vṛtra
Ś
Śatakratu (Indra)
V
Vajra (thunderbolt)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses the Indra–Vṛtra episode as an exemplum: when an obstructive force hides within oneself (symbolically, inner corruption or impediment to duty), it must be confronted and removed with resolute, dharma-aligned means, even if the remedy is subtle or not outwardly visible.

Vāyudeva reports a received tradition: Indra (Śatakratu) killed Vṛtra who was lodged within Indra’s own body, using an ‘unseen’ vajra (thunderbolt). The statement is framed as hearsay/authoritative tradition (“so we have heard”).