Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 12

Karma-Phala Rahasya and the Ethics of Dāna (कर्मफल-रहस्यं दानधर्मश्च)

पाद्यमासनमेवाथ दीपमन्नं प्रतिश्रयम्‌ । दद्यादतिथिपूजार्थ स यज्ञ: पजचदक्षिण:,जो अतिथिको पैर धोनेके लिये जल, बैठनेके लिये आसन, प्रकाशके लिये दीपक, खानेके लिये अन्न और ठहरनेके लिये घर देता है, इस प्रकार अतिथिका सत्कार करनेके लिये इन पाँच वस्तुओंका दान 'पंचदक्षिण यज्ञ” कहलाता है

Bhīṣma uvāca: pādyaṃ āsanam eva atha dīpam annaṃ pratiśrayam | dadyād atithipūjārthaṃ sa yajñaḥ pañcadakṣiṇaḥ ||

Bhishma bersabda: “Demi memuliakan tetamu, hendaklah diberikan air untuk membasuh kaki, tempat duduk, pelita untuk cahaya, makanan, dan tempat berteduh. Persembahan lima perkara dalam layanan tetamu ini disebut ‘yajna dengan lima pemberian’ (pañca-dakṣiṇā-yajña).”

पाद्यम्water for washing the feet
पाद्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाद्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आसनम्seat
आसनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआसन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अथthen/and
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
दीपम्lamp
दीपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदीप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रतिश्रयम्lodging/shelter
प्रतिश्रयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिश्रय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दद्यात्should give
दद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अतिथि-पूजा-अर्थम्for the purpose of honoring a guest
अतिथि-पूजा-अर्थम्:
Prayojana (purpose)
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि + पूजा + अर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सःthat/this (he/it)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यज्ञःsacrifice/rite
यज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पञ्च-दक्षिणःhaving five gifts/fees
पञ्च-दक्षिणः:
Visheshana (of यज्ञः)
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्च + दक्षिण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
A
atithi (guest)
P
pādya (foot-washing water)
Ā
āsana (seat)
D
dīpa (lamp)
A
anna (food)
P
pratiśraya (shelter)

Educational Q&A

Hospitality is treated as a sacred duty: offering a guest five essentials—foot-washing water, a seat, light, food, and shelter—is itself a yajña, a meritorious religious act.

Bhishma is instructing on dharma, defining a specific form of righteous conduct: the proper reception of an atithi (guest) through five concrete offerings, named the pañcadakṣiṇa-yajña.