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Shloka 33

Adhyāya 64: Dāna-prakāra—Suvarṇa, Pānīya-dāna, Ghṛta-dāna, and Upakaraṇa-dāna

Utility Gifts

अहं वो रक्षितेत्युक्त्वा यो न रक्षति भूमिप: । स संहत्य निहन्तव्य: श्वेव सोन्‍न्माद आतुर:

ahaṃ vo rakṣiteti uktvā yo na rakṣati bhūmipaḥ | sa saṃhatya nihantavyaḥ śveva sonmāda āturaḥ ||

Bhīṣma bersabda: “Raja yang telah berkata, ‘Aku akan melindungi kamu,’ namun tidak melindungi (rakyatnya) hendaklah ditumpaskan dengan tindakan bersatu—seperti anjing yang diserang penyakit gila (rabies).”

अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहम्
Formcommon, nominative, singular
वःof you / your
वः:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formcommon, genitive, plural
रक्षिताprotector
रक्षिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरक्षितृ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उक्त्वाhaving said
उक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), active
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रक्षतिprotects
रक्षति:
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
Formpresent (lat), 3rd, singular, active
भूमिपःking (lord of the earth)
भूमिपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूमिप
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
संहत्यhaving assembled / together
संहत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + हन्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), active
निहन्तव्यःmust be slain
निहन्तव्यः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootनि + हन्
Formतव्यत् (gerundive), masculine, nominative, singular
श्वाa dog
श्वा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्वन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
इवlike
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
उन्मादfrom madness / due to frenzy
उन्माद:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootउन्माद
Formmasculine, ablative, singular
आतुरःafflicted, distressed
आतुरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआतुर
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
bhūmipaḥ (king/ruler)
Ś
śvan (dog)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s legitimacy rests on protection: if a king promises protection and then fails to safeguard his people, he violates rājadharma and may be forcibly removed by collective action for the public good.

Bhīṣma, instructing on rājadharma in the Anuśāsana Parva, states a severe norm of accountability: a king who breaks his pledge to protect should be dealt with decisively, compared to restraining or killing a rabid dog that endangers others.