Shloka 23
दैव–पुरुषकार-प्रश्नः
Daiva–Puruṣakāra Inquiry: Fate and Human Effort
Devanagari script
यथा स्थानान्यनित्यानि दूृश्यन्ते दैवतेष्वपि । कथं कर्म विना दैवं स्थास्यति स्थापयिष्यति,देवताओंमें भी जो इन्द्रादिके स्थान हैं वे अनित्य देखे जाते हैं। पुण्यकर्मके बिना दैव कैसे स्थिर रहेगा और कैसे वह दूसरोंको स्थिर रख सकेगा
Transliteration
yathā sthānāny anityāni dṛśyante daivateṣv api | kathaṁ karma vinā daivaṁ sthāsyati sthāpayiṣyati ||
Translation
Bhishma bersabda: “Sebagaimana dalam kalangan para dewa pun, kedudukan dan jawatan—bahkan milik Indra dan seumpamanya—terlihat tidak kekal, maka bagaimana ‘takdir’ (daiva) dapat teguh tanpa perbuatan (karma)? Dan bagaimana ia dapat meneguhkan orang lain?”
Word by Word
यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
स्थानानिpositions, stations
स्थानानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्थान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अनित्यानिimpermanent
अनित्यानि:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनित्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
दृश्यन्तेare seen, appear
दृश्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormLat, Atmanepada, Third, Plural, Passive/Impersonal (middle endings)
दैवतेषुamong the deities
दैवतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदैवत
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
अपिeven, also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
कर्मaction, (meritorious) deed
कर्म:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विनाwithout
विना:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविना
दैवम्fate, divine dispensation
दैवम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदैव
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
स्थास्यतिwill stand/abide, remain stable
स्थास्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormLrt, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular, Active
स्थापयिष्यतिwill make (others) stand, will establish
स्थापयिष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (causative स्थापय्)
FormLrt, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular, Active
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhishmaD
devas (gods)I
Indra (implied by the commentary on offices like Indra’s)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes