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Shloka 21

Śulka, Kanyā, and Dauhitra-Riktha: Discourse on Bride-Price and Inheritance Rights (शुल्क-कन्या-दौहित्र-रिक्थविचारः)

इस प्रकार एक-दूसरेसे स्पर्धा रखते हुए उन दोनोंमें शपथ खानेकी नौबत आ गयी। फिर तो सहसा विपुलको लक्ष्य करके वे दोनों इस प्रकार बोले-- ।। आवयोरनृतं प्राह यस्तस्याभूद्‌ द्विजस्य वै | विपुलस्य परे लोके या गति: सा भवेदिति,“हमलोगोंमेंसे जो भी झूठ बोलता है उसकी वही गति होगी जो परलोकमें ब्राह्मण विपुलके लिये नियत हुई है”

itthaṁ paraspara-spardhāṁ kurvāṇayor ubhayor api śapatha-grahaṇasya avasaro jātaḥ | tataḥ sahasā vipulaṁ lakṣya kṛtvā tau evam ūcatuḥ— āvayor anṛtaṁ prāha yas tasya abhūd dvijasya vai | vipulasya pare loke yā gatiḥ sā bhaved iti |

Demikianlah, ketika kedua-duanya terus bersaing, keadaan pun sampai ke tahap perlu bersumpah. Lalu, dengan serta-merta menumpukan perhatian kepada brahmin Vipula, mereka berdua berkata: “Sesiapa antara kami yang berkata dusta—biarlah dia menerima nasib di alam kemudian sebagaimana nasib yang telah ditetapkan bagi brahmin Vipula.”

आवयोःof us two
आवयोः:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootअहम् (युष्मद्-प्रत्यययुक्त द्विवचन-षष्ठी/सप्तमी रूप)
Form—, Genitive, Dual
अनृतम्falsehood, lie
अनृतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनृत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्राहsaid, spoke
प्राह:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + अह् (ब्रू/अह् ‘to say’)
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
यःwho (ever)
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्यfor him / of him
तस्य:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
अभूत्became, would be
अभूत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormAorist (simple past), 3rd, Singular
द्विजस्यof the twice-born (brahmin)
द्विजस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वैindeed, surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
विपुलस्यof Vipula
विपुलस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविपुल (नाम)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
परेin the other (world)
परे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
याwhich
या:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
गतिःfate, course, destiny
गतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
साthat
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्may be / would be
भवेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (potential), 3rd, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
V
Vipula (brahmin)

Educational Q&A

Truthfulness is treated as a binding moral absolute: to lie is to incur severe karmic consequence, so severe that one may accept an oath tying one’s fate to a feared or weighty posthumous destiny.

Two rivals, escalating their dispute, reach the point of swearing an oath. They invoke the brahmin Vipula as the reference for the oath’s penalty, declaring that whichever of them has lied should receive Vipula’s destined afterlife outcome.