Shloka 20
Indra–Mataṅga Saṃvāda: On the rarity and responsibilities of Brāhmaṇya (इन्द्र-मतङ्ग संवादः)
मतंग उवाच अन्त्ययोनिरयोनिर्वा कथं स कुशली भवेत् । कुशल तु कुतस्तस्य यस्येयं जननी पित:,मतंगने कहा--पिताजी! जो चाण्डाल योनिमें उत्पन्न हुआ है, अथवा उससे भी नीच योनिमें पैदा हुआ है वह कैसे सकुशल रह सकता है। जिसे ऐसी माता मिली हो उसे कहाँसे कुशलता प्राप्त होगी
Mataṅga uvāca: antyayonir ayonir vā kathaṁ sa kuśalī bhavet | kuśalaṁ tu kutaḥ tasya yasye-yaṁ jananī pitāḥ ||
Mataṅga berkata: “Wahai ayah, bagaimana mungkin seseorang benar-benar sejahtera jika dia lahir dalam kelahiran yang dianggap ‘paling hina’—atau lebih rendah lagi? Dari mana datangnya kesejahteraan bagi orang yang asal-usulnya—ibu dan bapanya—sedemikian?”
मतंग उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse voices a common social assumption in the epic world: that a person’s welfare and social standing are constrained by birth and parentage. In the broader ethical discussions of the Anuśāsana-parvan, such statements often function as positions to be examined—inviting reflection on whether virtue and auspiciousness arise from lineage or from conduct (ācāra) and dharma.
Mataṅga addresses his father and raises a pointed question about the possibility of well-being for someone born in a stigmatized or ‘lowest’ birth. The line is part of a dialogue framed as moral inquiry, where social status, origin, and the grounds of true ‘kuśala’ (welfare/auspiciousness) are being debated.