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Shloka 57

तीर्थवंशोपदेशः

Tīrtha-vaṃśa Upadeśa: Instruction on the Fruits of Sacred Waters

(व्रतानां पारणार्थाय गुर्वर्थे यज्ञदक्षिणाम्‌ । निवेशार्थ च विद्वांसस्तेषां दत्त महाफलम्‌ ।।

vratānāṁ pāraṇārthāya gurvarthē yajñadakṣiṇām | niveśārthaṁ ca vidvāṁsas teṣāṁ dattaṁ mahāphalam || pitroś ca rakṣaṇārthāya putradārārtham eva vā | mahāvyādhivimokṣāya teṣu dattaṁ mahāphalam || bālāḥ striyaś ca vāñchanti subhaktaṁ cāpy asādhanāḥ | svargam āyānti dattvaiṣāṁ nirayān nopayānti te || kṛtasarvasvaharaṇā nirdōṣāḥ prabhaviṣṇubhiḥ | spṛhayanti ca bhuktvānnaṁ teṣu dattaṁ mahāphalam ||

Bhishma berkata: Sedekah kepada orang berilmu yang memerlukan harta untuk menyempurnakan ikrar, membayar guru-dakṣiṇā, memberi yajña-dakṣiṇā, atau mendirikan rumah tangga dan perkahwinan, menghasilkan pahala rohani yang besar. Demikian juga, sedekah kepada mereka yang mencari harta untuk melindungi ibu bapa, menyara isteri dan anak, atau untuk bebas daripada penyakit berat, amatlah besar nilainya. Apabila kanak-kanak dan wanita yang tidak mempunyai apa-apa memohon hanya makanan yang baik, orang yang memberi mereka makan akan mencapai syurga dan tidak jatuh ke neraka. Dan apabila orang yang tidak bersalah dirampas segala-galanya oleh perompak yang berkuasa lalu mendambakan sesuap makanan, pemberian makanan kepada mereka juga berbuah besar.

व्रतानाम्of vows
व्रतानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
पारणार्थायfor the purpose of concluding (a vow) / breaking the fast
पारणार्थाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपारण + अर्थ
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
गुर्वर्थेfor a teacher’s need / in the matter of the guru
गुर्वर्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु + अर्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यज्ञदक्षिणाम्sacrificial fee (dakṣiṇā)
यज्ञदक्षिणाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञदक्षिणा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
निवेशार्थम्for settlement/establishment (e.g., householding)
निवेशार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिवेश + अर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विद्वांसःlearned men
विद्वांसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेषाम्to/for those; of those
तेषाम्:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
दत्तम्given (gift)
दत्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदा (धातु) → दत्त
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
महाफलम्of great fruit; highly meritorious
महाफलम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहा + फल
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
पित्रोःof the two parents (father and mother)
पित्रोः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Dual
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रक्षणार्थायfor protection
रक्षणार्थाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootरक्षण + अर्थ
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
पुत्रदारार्थम्for the sake of children and wife
पुत्रदारार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र + दार + अर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
महाव्याधिविमोक्षायfor release from great disease
महाव्याधिविमोक्षाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमहा + व्याधि + विमोक्ष
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
तेषुamong/for those (persons)
तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
दत्तम्given (gift)
दत्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदा (धातु) → दत्त
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
महाफलम्highly fruitful
महाफलम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहा + फल
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
बालाःchildren
बालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्त्रियःwomen
स्त्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
इच्छन्तिdesire
इच्छन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
सुभक्तम्good food
सुभक्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसु + भक्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
असाधनाःwithout means/resources
असाधनाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअ + साधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्वर्गम्heaven
स्वर्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आयान्तिgo/attain
आयान्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootया (आ + या)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
दत्त्वाhaving given
दत्त्वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदा
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा)
एषाम्to these (persons)
एषाम्:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
निरयान्hells
निरयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिरय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपयान्तिgo to/approach
उपयान्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootया (उप + या)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कृतसर्वस्वहरणाःthose whose entire property has been taken away
कृतसर्वस्वहरणाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत + सर्वस्व + हरण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
निर्दोषाःblameless
निर्दोषाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर् + दोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रभविष्णुभिःby powerful (persons)
प्रभविष्णुभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रभविष्णु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
स्पृहयन्तिlong for/desire
स्पृहयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootस्पृह्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भुक्त्वाhaving eaten
भुक्त्वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभुज्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा)
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तेषुto/among those (persons)
तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
दत्तम्given (gift)
दत्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदा (धातु) → दत्त
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
महाफलम्highly fruitful
महाफलम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहा + फल
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
G
guru (teacher)
V
vidvāṁsaḥ (learned persons)
P
pitaraḥ (parents)
P
putra (sons)
D
dāra (wife)
B
bālāḥ (children)
S
striyaḥ (women)
P
prabhaviṣṇavaḥ (powerful bandits/robbers)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma teaches that charity is especially meritorious when directed to genuine need: completing vows, paying rightful fees (to teacher or sacrifice), establishing a household, protecting parents, supporting family, seeking relief from severe illness, and—above all—feeding the resource-less such as children, women, and innocents robbed by the powerful.

Within Bhīṣma’s instruction on dāna-dharma in the Anuśāsana Parva, he enumerates specific recipients and circumstances where giving (particularly food and necessary wealth) yields ‘great fruit,’ framing charity as a concrete social and ethical duty.