Shloka 40
स चन्द्रमा: स चेशान: स सूर्यो वरुणश्न सः । स काल: सोडन््तको मृत्यु: स यमो रात्र्यहानि च,वे ही चन्द्रमा, वे ही ईशान, वे ही सूर्य, वे ही वरुण, वे ही काल, वे ही अन्तक, वे ही मृत्यु, वे ही यम तथा वे ही रात और दिन हैं
sa candramāḥ sa ceśānaḥ sa sūryo varuṇaś ca saḥ | sa kālaḥ so 'ntako mṛtyuḥ sa yamo rātryahānī ca ||
Vāyu-deva mengisytiharkan: “Dialah Bulan dan Dialah Īśāna; Dialah Matahari dan Dialah Varuṇa. Dialah Waktu itu sendiri, Sang Pengakhir dan Kematian; Dialah Yama, dan Dialah juga irama silih berganti malam dan siang.”
वायुदेव उवाच
Educational Q&A
All cosmic functions and deities—illumination, sovereignty, moral order, time, death, judgment, and the cycle of night and day—are expressions of one supreme reality. Ethically, this frames dharma as grounded in a single, all-governing order: actions have consequences because Time and Yama (judgment) are not separate from the ultimate Lord.
Vāyudeva is speaking in praise/identification, listing divine names and cosmic principles to assert that the addressed Lord is not merely one god among many but the source and substance of them all, encompassing both beneficent powers (Sun, Moon, Varuṇa) and fearsome inevitabilities (Time, Death, Antaka, Yama).