Anushasana Parva Adhyaya 157 Shloka 12 - Mahabharata | Malay | Vedapath

Vyasa

Shloka 12

Devanagari script

आदिमध्यावसानानां ज्ञातारश्छिन्नसंशया: । परावरविशेषज्ञा गन्तार: परमां गतिम्‌,ब्राह्मण आदि, मध्य और अन्तके ज्ञाता, संशयरहित, भूत-भविष्यका विशेष ज्ञान रखनेवाले तथा परम गतिको जानने और पानेवाले हैं

Transliteration

ādimadhyāvasānānāṁ jñātāraś chinnasaṁśayāḥ | parāvaraviśeṣajñā gantāraḥ paramāṁ gatim ||

Translation

Bhishma berkata: “Para Brahmana ialah mereka yang mengetahui permulaan, pertengahan, dan pengakhiran (segala sesuatu); keraguan mereka telah diputuskan. Mereka membezakan yang tinggi dan yang rendah—yang tertinggi dan yang duniawi; dan mereka mengetahui—serta mencapai—matlamat yang paling luhur.”

Word by Word

आदि-मध्य-अवसानानाम्of beginnings, middles, and ends

ज्ञातारःknowers

छिन्न-संशयाःwith doubts cut off; free from doubt

पर-अवर-विशेष-ज्ञाःknowing distinctions of higher and lower (past and future / superior and inferior)

गन्तारःgoers; attainors

परमाम्supreme

गतिम्goal; state; course; destination

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhishma

Brahmanas (brāhmaṇāḥ, implied)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True spiritual authority is defined by complete understanding (origin–process–end), freedom from doubt, and discriminative insight into the higher and lower; such persons both know and attain the supreme goal.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Bhishma’s instruction within the Anushasana Parva, he characterizes the ideal Brahmana as a realized knower—one whose certainty and discernment qualify him to reach the highest state.