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Shloka 34

Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)

उमोवाच भगवन्‌ संशयो मे<स्ति तन्मे व्याख्यातुमरहसि । चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य धर्म वै नैपुण्येन प्रकीर्तय

umovāca bhagavan saṁśayo me 'sti tan me vyākhyātum arhasi | cāturvarṇyasya dharmo vai naipuṇyena prakīrtaya ||

Umā berkata: “Wahai Tuhan Yang Mulia, masih ada keraguan dalam hatiku; maka jelaskanlah kepadaku. Huraikanlah dengan jelas dan tepat dharma yang berkaitan dengan empat varṇa.”

उमाUmā
उमा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउमा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
भगवन्O Lord
भगवन्:
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मेof me / my
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
अस्तिis
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्that (doubt/matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular
व्याख्यातुम्to explain
व्याख्यातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootव्याख्या + तुमुन् (from धातु: ख्या with उपसर्ग वि-आ-)
FormInfinitive (tumun)
अर्हसिyou ought / you are able
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
चातुर्वर्ण्यस्यof the fourfold varṇa-system
चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootचातुर्वर्ण्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
धर्मम्duty / dharma
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
नैपुण्येनwith skill / expertly
नैपुण्येन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनैपुण्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रकीर्तयproclaim / expound
प्रकीर्तय:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + कीर्त्
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

U
Umā (Pārvatī)
M
Mahādeva/Śrī Maheśvara (Śiva, addressed as Bhagavān)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a request for a precise exposition of cāturvarṇya-dharma—how dharma is to be understood and practiced within the fourfold social order—emphasizing clarity, completeness, and careful discrimination.

In a didactic dialogue, Umā addresses Maheśvara with a remaining doubt and asks him to explain it, specifically requesting a detailed account of the duties and principles associated with the four varṇas.