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Shloka 17

Viṣṇu-sahasranāma—Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Recitation (विष्णोर्नामसहस्रम्)

मनुष्यका किया हुआ कोई भी पुण्य तथा पाप भोगके बिना नष्ट नहीं होता। पर्वकालमें जो कुछ भी दान किया जाता है, वह सब सूर्यदेवके पास पहुँचता है ।।

preta-lokaṁ gate martye tat tat sarvaṁ vibhāvasuḥ | pratijānāti puṇyātmā tac ca tatropayujyate ||

Yama berkata: “Tiada suatu kebajikan atau dosa yang dilakukan manusia akan lenyap tanpa dialami balasannya. Pada waktu-waktu perayaan bermusim, apa jua sedekah yang diberikan semuanya sampai kepada Surya, Dewa Matahari. Apabila seseorang telah pergi ke alam para arwah, Surya—Vibhāvasu—mengakui lalu menyerahkan di sana, menurut ketentuan, segala pemberian yang dibuat pada kesempatan suci itu. Maka tiadalah perbuatan yang hilang; setiap amal sampai kepada akibatnya yang sewajarnya.”

प्रेतलोकम्to the world of the departed (preta-world)
प्रेतलोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेतलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गतेwhen (he) has gone
गते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Locative, Singular
मर्त्येin the mortal (being)
मर्त्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तत्that (respectively/each such)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
सर्वम्all
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विभावसु:Vibhāvasu (the Sun/Fire; here Sun)
विभावसु::
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविभावसु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रतिजानातिacknowledges/assents/recognizes
प्रतिजानाति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-ज्ञा
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पुण्यात्माthe virtuous-souled one
पुण्यात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुण्यात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
उपयुज्यतेis employed/used (there)
उपयुज्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-युज्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada (passive sense)

यम उवाच

Y
Yama
V
Vibhāvasu (Sūrya, the Sun)
P
Preta-loka

Educational Q&A

Every human action—merit or sin—inevitably yields its fruit; nothing is destroyed without being experienced. Gifts made on sacred festival/seasonal occasions are said to be received by the Sun and become effective for the giver even after death.

Yama, the lord of justice and the dead, explains the post-mortem accounting of deeds: once a mortal reaches the realm of the departed, the Sun (Vibhāvasu) confirms and conveys the specific fruits of parva-time charity, which then become usable/experienced there.