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Shloka 54

Adhyāya 119: Vyāsa–Kīṭa-saṃvāda

Tapas-bala and karmic ascent across yoni

कौमुदे तु विशेषेण शुक्लपक्षे नराधिप । वर्जयेन्मधुमांसानि धर्मों ह्वात्र विधीयते,नरेश्वर! विशेषतः शरदऋतु, शुक्लपक्षमें मद्य और मांसका सर्वथा त्याग कर दे; क्योंकि ऐसा करनेमें धर्म होता है

kaumude tu viśeṣeṇa śuklapakṣe narādhipa | varjayen madhumāṁsāni dharmo hy atra vidhīyate || nareśvara viśeṣataḥ śaradṛtau śuklapakṣe madyaṁ māṁsaṁ ca sarvathā tyajet; evaṁ kartari dharmo bhavati ||

Bhishma berkata: “Wahai raja, khususnya pada paruh terang (sukla paksa) di musim luruh, hendaklah engkau menjauhi arak yang memabukkan dan daging sama sekali. Dalam laku ini, dharma diperintahkan.”

कौमुदेin the autumn season (Kaumuda)
कौमुदे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकौमुद
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
विशेषेणespecially
विशेषेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविशेष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
शुक्लपक्षेin the bright fortnight
शुक्लपक्षे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशुक्लपक्ष
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
नराधिपO king
नराधिप:
TypeNoun
Rootनराधिप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वर्जयेत्should avoid/should abstain from
वर्जयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृज् (वर्जने)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मधुliquor/mead
मधु:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमधु
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
मांसानिmeats
मांसानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमांस
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
धर्मःdharma/merit
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिfor/indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
अत्रhere/in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
विधीयतेis enjoined/is prescribed
विधीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootधा (विधाने) / विधा (विधीयते)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada (Passive)
नरेश्वरO lord of men (king)
नरेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootनरेश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
N
narādhipa/nareśvara (the king addressed, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira)
Ś
śuklapakṣa (bright fortnight)
Ś
śaradṛtu/kaumuda (autumn season)
M
madya (liquor)
M
māṁsa (meat)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma teaches seasonal and lunar-discipline as a form of dharma: during the autumn season—particularly in the bright fortnight—one should practice restraint by abstaining from intoxicants and meat, because such self-control is explicitly enjoined as righteous conduct.

In the Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma continues instructing the king (Yudhiṣṭhira) on dharma. Here he gives a specific practical rule of conduct tied to time (śarad season and śukla pakṣa), recommending complete avoidance of liquor and meat as a meritorious observance.