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Shloka 49

Adhyāya 119: Vyāsa–Kīṭa-saṃvāda

Tapas-bala and karmic ascent across yoni

श्रूयते हि पुरा कल्पे नृणां ब्रीहिमय: पशु: । येनायजन्त यज्वान: पुण्यलोकपरायणा:

śrūyate hi purā kalpe nṛṇāṁ brīhimayaḥ paśuḥ | yenāyajanta yajvānāḥ puṇyalokaparāyaṇāḥ ||

Bhīṣma berkata: “Diceritakan bahawa pada zaman purba, bagi manusia ‘haiwan’ korban dalam yajña dibuat daripada beras. Dengan persembahan itu sahaja, para pelaksana upacara yang menumpukan diri kepada pencapaian alam kebajikan melaksanakan korban mereka—menunjukkan bahawa korban dapat disempurnakan melalui pengganti berasaskan bijirin yang tidak ganas, selaras dengan dharma.”

श्रूयतेis heard / is said
श्रूयते:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
FormPresent, Ātmanepada, 3, Singular, Passive
हिindeed / for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
पुराformerly / in olden times
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
कल्पेin (a) kalpa/aeon
कल्पे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकल्प (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
नृणाम्of men
नृणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootनृ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
ब्रीहिमयःmade of rice
ब्रीहिमयः:
TypeAdjective
Rootब्रीहिमय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पशुःsacrificial animal (victim)
पशुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपशु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
येनby which
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
आयजन्तthey sacrificed / performed sacrifice
आयजन्त:
TypeVerb
Rootयज् (धातु) + आ-
FormImperfect, Parasmaipada, 3, Plural
यज्वानःsacrificers / performers of yajña
यज्वानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुण्यलोकपरायणाःdevoted to attaining the meritorious worlds
पुण्यलोकपरायणाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्य-लोक-परायण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
brīhi (rice)
P
paśu (sacrificial animal/offering)
Y
yajña (sacrifice)

Educational Q&A

The verse appeals to ancient tradition to show that yajña need not require killing; a grain-based substitute (‘rice-animal’) can serve as the sacrificial offering, supporting a dharmic preference for non-violence while still honoring ritual intent.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on dharma, he cites an old precedent: in a former age, sacrificers aiming at meritorious heavenly results performed rites using an offering made of rice, described metaphorically as the ‘paśu’ of the sacrifice.