Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 25

Adhyāya 119: Vyāsa–Kīṭa-saṃvāda

Tapas-bala and karmic ascent across yoni

स्वाहास्वधामृतभुजो देवा: सत्यार्जवप्रिया: । क्रव्यादान्‌ राक्षसान्‌ विद्धि जिह्मानृतपरायणान्‌

svāhāsvadhāmṛtabhujo devāḥ satyārjavapriyāḥ | kravyādān rākṣasān viddhi jihmānṛtaparāyaṇān ||

Bhīṣma berkata: “Mereka yang melaksanakan persembahan svāhā (kepada para dewa) dan svadhā (kepada para leluhur), yang menikmati sisa korban suci laksana amerta, serta mencintai kebenaran dan kelurusan—mereka patut difahami sebagai ‘deva’ pada perilaku. Tetapi mereka yang hidup dengan memakan daging, berpaut pada tipu daya dan dusta—ketahuilah mereka sebagai ‘rākṣasa’ pada tabiat.”

स्वाहाsvāhā (oblation-call in deva-sacrifice)
स्वाहा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वाहा
Formavyaya
स्वधाsvadhā (oblation-call in pitṛ-sacrifice)
स्वधा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वधा
Formavyaya
अमृतभुजःeaters of nectar (i.e., of the sacrificial remainder)
अमृतभुजः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअमृतभुज्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
देवाःgods
देवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
सत्यार्जवप्रियाःfond of truth and straightforwardness
सत्यार्जवप्रियाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्यार्जवप्रिय
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
क्रव्यादान्flesh-eating
क्रव्यादान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रव्याद
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
राक्षसान्rākṣasas (demons)
राक्षसान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराक्षस
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
विद्धिknow (you should know/understand)
विद्धि:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
Formimperative, 2nd person, singular, parasmaipada
जिह्मानृतपरायणान्devoted to crookedness and falsehood
जिह्मानृतपरायणान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootजिह्मानृतपरायण
Formmasculine, accusative, plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
D
Devas
R
Rākṣasas
S
Svāhā
S
Svadhā

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma defines ‘deva’ and ‘rākṣasa’ primarily as ethical types: devotion to truth, simplicity, and sacrificial discipline aligns one with the deva-nature, while deceit, falsehood, and habitual flesh-eating align one with rākṣasa-nature.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhīṣma continues his didactic discourse, offering a moral classification of beings by conduct—contrasting those who uphold yajña and truthful straightforwardness with those devoted to deception and violent appetite.