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Shloka 66

Ahiṃsā as Threefold Restraint (Mind–Speech–Action) and the Ethics of Consumption

दस वर्षोतक वानर, पाँच वर्षोतक चूहा और छ: महीनोंतक कुत्ता होकर वह मनुष्यका जन्म पाता है ।।

daśa varṣāṇi vānaro bhūtvā pañca varṣāṇi mūṣako bhūtvā ṣaṇmāsān śvā bhūtvā sa manuṣyajanma prāpnoti || nyāsāpahartā tu naro yamasya viṣayaṃ gataḥ | saṃsārāṇāṃ śataṃ gatvā kṛmiyōnau prajāyate ||

Yudhiṣṭhira berkata: “Sesudah hidup sepuluh tahun sebagai monyet, lima tahun sebagai tikus, dan enam bulan sebagai anjing, makhluk itu memperoleh kelahiran sebagai manusia. Namun orang yang merampas harta yang diamanahkan kepadanya akan pergi ke alam Yama; setelah mengembara melalui seratus kelahiran, akhirnya dia lahir sebagai cacing.”

न्यासापहर्ताone who steals a deposit/trust
न्यासापहर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootन्यास-अपहर्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
नरःman/person
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यमस्यof Yama
यमस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
विषयम्domain/realm
विषयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविषय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गतःgone (having gone)
गतः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
संसाराणाम्of transmigrations/existences
संसाराणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंसार
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
शतम्a hundred
शतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गत्वाhaving gone/passed through
गत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
कृमियोनौin the womb/species of a worm
कृमियोनौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकृमि-योनि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
प्रजायतेis born/arises
प्रजायते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormLat (present), Atmanepada, Third, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

युधिष्ठिर (Yudhiṣṭhira)
यम (Yama)
वानर (monkey)
चूहा/मूषक (mouse/rat)
कुत्ता/श्वान (dog)
कृमि (worm)

Educational Q&A

Misappropriating what is entrusted (nyāsa) is a grave breach of dharma. The verse teaches that betrayal of trust brings severe karmic consequences—punishment in Yama’s realm and a long descent through inferior births—highlighting the sanctity of safeguarding others’ property.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s ethical instruction context, Yudhiṣṭhira states the karmic outcomes of certain actions: one trajectory describes passing through animal lives before reaching human birth, while the specific offender—one who steals a deposit—goes to Yama’s domain and, after many rebirths, ends in a worm-birth.