Shloka 39

(अमावास्यामृते नित्यं दंतधावनमाचरेत्‌ । इतिहासपुराणानि दान वेदं च नित्यश: ।। गायत्रीमनन नित्य॑ कुर्यात्‌ संध्यां समाहित: ।) अमावास्याके सिवा प्रतिदिन दन्‍तधावन करना चाहिये। इतिहास, पुराणोंका पाठ, वेदोंका स्वाध्याय, दान, एकाग्रचित्त होकर संध्योपासना और गायत्रीमंत्रका जप--ये सब कर्म नित्य करने चाहिये ।। कृत्वा मूत्रपुरीषे तु रथ्यामाक्रम्य वा पुन: । पादप्रक्षालनं कुर्यात्‌ स्वाध्याये भोजने तथा,मल-मूत्र त्यागने और रास्ता चलनेके बाद तथा स्वाध्याय और भोजन करनेके पहले पैर धो लेने चाहिये

Bhīṣma uvāca: amāvāsyām ṛte nityaṃ dantadhāvanam ācaret | itihāsapurāṇāni dānaṃ vedaṃ ca nityaśaḥ || gāyatrīmananaṃ nityaṃ kuryāt sandhyāṃ samāhitaḥ | kṛtvā mūtrapurīṣe tu rathyām ākramya vā punaḥ | pādaprakṣālanaṃ kuryāt svādhyāye bhojane tathā ||

Bhīṣma bersabda: Kecuali pada hari bulan baharu (amāvāsyā), hendaklah seseorang membersihkan gigi setiap hari. Hendaklah ia setiap hari membaca Itihāsa dan Purāṇa, bersedekah, serta berswādhyāya Veda; dengan fikiran terhimpun, lakukanlah pemujaan Sandhyā dan renungkan (serta ulangi) mantra Gāyatrī setiap hari. Setelah membuang air kecil dan besar, dan juga setelah berjalan di jalan raya, basuhlah kaki; demikian juga sebelum berswādhyāya dan sebelum makan.

अमावास्याम्on the new-moon day
अमावास्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअमावास्या
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
ऋतेexcept/without
ऋते:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऋते
नित्यम्always, daily
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
दन्तधावनम्tooth-cleaning
दन्तधावनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदन्तधावन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आचरेत्should practice/perform
आचरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootआचर्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिहासपुराणानिthe Itihasas and Puranas
इतिहासपुराणानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइतिहासपुराण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
दानम्giving, charity
दानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वेदम्the Veda (study/recitation)
वेदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नित्यशःdaily, regularly
नित्यशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्यशः
गायत्रीमननम्reflection/recitation of the Gayatri
गायत्रीमननम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगायत्रीमनन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नित्यम्daily
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
कुर्यात्should do
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सन्ध्याम्the twilight worship (sandhya)
सन्ध्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसन्ध्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
समाहितःcomposed, concentrated
समाहितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमाहित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकृ
FormAbsolutive (ktvā)
मूत्रपुरीषेin urination and defecation (i.e., after passing urine and stool)
मूत्रपुरीषे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमूत्रपुरीष
FormNeuter, Locative, Dual
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
रथ्याम्the road/street
रथ्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आक्रम्यhaving stepped (upon), having walked
आक्रम्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआक्रम्
FormAbsolutive (lyap)
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
पुनःagain; also
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पादप्रक्षालनम्washing of the feet
पादप्रक्षालनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपादप्रक्षालन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुर्यात्should do
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
स्वाध्यायेat/after self-study (Vedic study)
स्वाध्याये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वाध्याय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भोजनेat/before eating
भोजने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभोजन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
A
Amāvāsyā
V
Veda
I
Itihāsa
P
Purāṇa
G
Gāyatrī
S
Sandhyā

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that dharma is sustained through consistent daily discipline: personal cleanliness, regular sacred study (Veda, Itihasa, Purana), charity, focused Sandhya worship, and Gayatri contemplation, along with practical hygiene such as washing the feet after impure acts and before study or meals.

In Anushasana Parva, Bhishma is instructing Yudhishthira on codes of right conduct. Here he lists specific everyday observances—ritual, study, giving, and cleanliness—framing them as routine duties that cultivate purity and steadiness in a householder’s life.