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Shloka 22

नहुषोपाख्यानम्—दीपदान-धूप-बलीकर्म-प्रशंसा

Nahūṣa Episode and the Commendation of Lamp-Gifting and Household Offerings

तं तु राजा प्रतोदेन चोदयामास भारत । न चुकोप स धर्मात्मा ततः पादेन देवराट्‌

taṃ tu rājā pratodena codayāmāsa bhārata | na cukopa sa dharmātmā tataḥ pādena devarāṭ ||

Bhīṣma berkata: Wahai keturunan Bharata, raja itu menghalaunya dengan cemeti tajam. Namun insan yang berjiwa dharma itu tidak menjadi marah; kemudian raja para dewa menendangnya dengan kaki.

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रतोदेनwith a goad/whip
प्रतोदेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतोद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
चोदयामासurged/drove on
चोदयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootचुद्
FormPerfect (Periphrastic Perfect), 3rd, Singular
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चुकोपbecame angry
चुकोप:
TypeVerb
Rootकुप्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मात्माrighteous-souled
धर्मात्मा:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
पादेनwith (his) foot
पादेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
देवराट्the king of the gods (Indra)
देवराट्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवराज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Bhārata (addressee, typically Yudhiṣṭhira)
R
rājā (the king)
D
dharmātmā (the righteous person being prodded)
D
Devarāṭ (Indra)
P
pratoda (goad)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical ideal of akrodha (freedom from anger) and kṣamā (forbearance): even when provoked or treated harshly, a dharmātmā remains unshaken, showing inner mastery rather than reactive hostility.

Bhīṣma narrates an episode in which a king urges someone forward using a goad. The person, described as dharmātmā, does not become angry. Immediately after, Devarāṭ (Indra), the king of the gods, is said to strike with his foot—indicating a sudden divine action within the story.