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Shloka 20

Gārhasthya-dharma: Vāsudeva–Pṛthivī-saṃvāda

Householder Duties and Daily Offerings

इदमस्ति गृहे महमिति नित्यं निवेदयेत्‌ । ते यद्‌ वदेयुस्तत्‌ कुर्यादिति धर्मों विधीयते

idam asti gṛhe mama iti nityaṃ nivedayet | te yad vadeyus tat kuryād iti dharmo vidhīyate |

Vāyudeva berkata: “Hendaklah seseorang selalu membuat pengakuan yang rendah hati: ‘Ini ada di rumahku.’ Apa sahaja yang diperintahkan oleh para tua-tua atau tetamu itu, hendaklah dilakukan menurutnya—itulah ketetapan dharma. Dari segi etika, orang yang tidak menetap tetap di rumah kita dianggap sebagai atithi (tetamu). Maka kepada guru, bapa, sahabat yang dipercayai, dan tetamu, hendaklah selalu ditawarkan apa yang ada di rumah dan dipersilakan menerimanya; kemudian lakukanlah tepat seperti arahan mereka. Dengan perilaku demikian—keramahtamahan, penghormatan, dan ketaatan kepada bimbingan yang benar—dharma ditegakkan.”

इदम्this (thing)
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formpresent, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
गृहेin the house
गृहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगृह
Formneuter, locative, singular
ममof me / my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formgenitive, singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
निवेदयेत्should inform/announce
निवेदयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-विद्
Formoptative (vidhi-lin), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
यत्whatever (which thing)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
वदेयुःthey should say / might say
वदेयुः:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
Formoptative (vidhi-lin), 3rd, plural, parasmaipada
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
कुर्यात्should do
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formoptative (vidhi-lin), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
धर्मःdharma / duty
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
विधीयतेis prescribed/ordained
विधीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-धा
Formpresent, 3rd, singular, passive (ātmanepada-form)

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
A
atithi (guest)
Ā
ācārya (teacher)
P
pitā (father)
V
viśvāsapātra-mitra (trusted friend)
G
gṛha (house/home)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is fulfilled by habitual hospitality and deference: one should openly offer what is available at home to teacher, father, trusted friend, and guest, and then carry out whatever they appropriately instruct.

Vāyudeva is laying down a normative rule of conduct (ācāra): defining the guest as one not permanently residing in the household and prescribing a daily practice of respectful offering and obedient service toward key recipients of honor.